Topamax

Diabetes becomes epidemic in worldwide countries. Diabetes Canada indicated that 30% of adults in Manitoba are diabetes or prediabetes. Nine out of ten diabetic patients are type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is characterized by insulin resistance and obesity. Uncontrolled diabetes leads to serious consequences including heart attack, stroke, chronic renal failure, liver failure, blindness and low limb amputation. Most of hypoglycemic medications have certain side effects. Natural foods or nutraceuticals with hypoglycemic potential are expected to provide a safer management for diabetic patients. Saskatoon berry is a popular fruit in Canadian Prairie and Northern states in USA. Our previous studies demonstrated Saskatoon berry (SB) powder attenuated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, liver steatosis and gut dysbiosis in diet-induced insulin resistant mice, a model for T2D. The findings of the glucose and lipid lowering or liver protective effects of SB powder have been supported by another group in Australia in high fat fed rats. Our preliminary studies in 20 healthy subjects demonstrated that dried whole SB (40 g/day for 10 weeks) significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose, total and LDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and increased plasma glucagon-like peptide compared to baseline, which was associated with increased intake of total fiber and decreased intake of saturated fat. The changes in metabolic and vascular variables significantly correlated with the alterations in gut microbiota The combination of findings suggest that SB is good candidate of prebiotic functional food as a supplemental remedy for reducing the risk for metabolic syndrome and preventing or managing T2D. The effect of Saskatoon berry and its products on metabolic disorders have not been studied in diabetic subjects. We propose to examine the effects of oral administration of freeze-dried whole SB on glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and gut microbiota in untreated prediabetes and new type 2 diabetic patients compared to a control dried fruit in a randomized controlled trial.

The long-term goal of this project is to learn whether a tailored physical activity program is practical, enjoyable, and helpful for families, and whether it has the potential to improve children's physical development and health. Before launching a large study, the research team completed several early phases to make sure the program met families' needs. First, a needs assessment was conducted with mothers to understand barriers to physical activity and what types of support would be most useful. Using this feedback, the program was refined and tested with three mother-child pairs over six weeks. Finally, there was an 18-week pilot randomized trial to examine feasibility and acceptability. Researchers are now conducting a larger randomized trial with up to 266 families. Half of the families are randomly assigned to receive the physical activity program, and half to a comparison group. The program combines fun, age-appropriate movement activities for children with practical support for parents. Sessions focus on building core movement skills such as jumping, balancing, running, and throwing, while also encouraging confidence, coordination, and enjoyment of being active. Activities can be adapted to each child's ability and home environment, making the program realistic for busy families. The program includes both in-person sessions and technology-based activities. In-person sessions provide hands-on support for learning new skills. Technology-based activities offer simple ideas families can use at home or during daily routines, such as hopping games, balance challenges, or quick movement breaks. Because parents in earlier phases wanted nutrition support, in-person sessions also includes a brief, child-friendly exposure to fruits and vegetables, along with simple recipes. A "Tasting Party" at the start of the program allows children to try different foods, and Veggie Meter scans at the beginning and end of the study help track changes in fruit and vegetable intake. Overall, this study will help determine whether a family-tailored physical activity program is a promising approach to improving physical activity, movement skills, and early health indicators in young children born to mothers with obesity.

Regular physical activity during pregnancy is safe and offers many health benefits for both mothers and their babies. Research over the past decade shows that exercise can help pregnant women gain a healthy amount of weight, lower their risk of gestational diabetes and high blood pressure, and reduce stress, anxiety, and symptoms of postpartum depression. Babies also benefit when their mothers are active, with lower risks of preterm birth, unhealthy birth size, and childhood obesity. Despite this strong evidence, very few exercise programs for pregnant women have been tested in real-world community settings, such as fitness centers, community health programs, or local organizations. Even fewer studies explain how these programs were delivered or what helped them succeed. Without this information, it is difficult for communities and health programs to offer exercise support that is both effective and practical for pregnant women. To address this gap, the research team adapted an evidence-based program called EXPECTING so it could be delivered by community organizations. Previous participants and community advisors helped to understand what changes were needed to make the program easier to offer while still keeping it safe and effective. The core parts of the program, including the type, amount, and intensity of aerobic and strength-building exercises, remained the same and are based on established pregnancy exercise guidelines. The adapted program, called COMMUNITY EXPECTING, includes both aerobic exercise and resistance training. The research team also developed specific supports to help community instructors deliver the program consistently and with confidence. All program components have already been tested in community settings and shown to be realistic, acceptable, and delivered as planned. This study will examine whether offering a structured exercise program in community settings helps pregnant women be more physically active than usual prenatal care alone. We will also assess whether the program can be delivered successfully and in a way that works for both participants and community providers. The results will help determine whether COMMUNITY EXPECTING is a practical approach for supporting healthy pregnancies in real-world settings.

A public health priority exists for the U.S. healthcare sector to integrate physical activity (PA) as a part of the patient care model. This research will provide valuable information on facilitating optimal implementation of a clinic-to-community model that identifies, refers, and enrolls physically inactive patients to community-based PA programs for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Further, this work will provide evidence on the cost-effectiveness of integrating PA in healthcare systems as a population health management strategy.

The goal of this clinical trial is to treat both hypertension and obesity in adults using a food is medicine framework. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to FIM+DASH or usual-care control. The 24-week trial includes a 12-week FIM+DASH intervention followed by a 12-week maintenance period and leverages existing partnerships with community-based organizations for home food delivery and culinary skill-skill building. The main questions it aims to answer are: (1) What is the effect of FIM+DASH vs. usual care control on blood pressure? (2) What is the effect of FIM+DASH vs. usual care control on DASH diet adherence (diet quality), body weight, and waist circumference? (3) How to identify factors associated with the sustainability and scalability of FIM+DASH in real-world settings?

This is a single-arm pragmatic clinical trial of time-restricted eating in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients will be recruited from the University of Kentucky Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center. Subjects will participate in a 10-hour time-restricted eating intervention for 1-year.

Single-center, open label, prospective study conducted at Medstar Georgetown Headache Center. Men and woman ≥ 18 years old that are diagnosed with migraine with or without aura for at least 1 year, who report a reliable migraine trigger. Acceptable triggers for the study will include exercise, alcohol (less than one drink per day for woman and less than two drinks per day for men), air travel that lasts no more than 12 hours, sexual activity, fasting that lasts no more than 24 hours, stress or stress let-down headache.

Migraine is one of the most common neurological disorders, characterized by recurrent headaches, sensitivity to light and movement, nausea, and autonomic dysregulation. Although mind-body interventions like biofeedback have shown their efficacy, they remain underutilized due to barriers such as transportation, time constraints, lack of awareness, stigma, and cost. A targeted approach to enhancing HRV is HRV biofeedback (HRVB), a technique using visual or auditory feedback to help people regulate HRV through slow-paced breathing and positive emotional regulation to promote ANS balance and emotional resilience. Investigators will conduct a remotely delivered pilot RCT of an 8-week, 10 min/day, novel app-based HRVB intervention compared to a sham control intervention (matching intervention time and attention with no biofeedback component) in adult with chronic migraine. Investigators hypothesize data collected from the study will: a) support the feasibility and acceptability of the remotely delivered app-based HRVB intervention among adults with chronic migraine, and b) provide insights into refining the intervention by examining patterns of change in migraine and psychological outcomes from pre- to post-intervention.

The goal of this research study is to look at how live, online group exercise compares to recorded videos for helping increase physical activity levels, improve physical fitness and quality of life, and reduce loneliness among those living with and beyond cancer. The following aims have been established for this study: * Aim 1: Examine the effect of a group-based videoconference physical activity (PA) intervention on moderate to vigorous physical activity \[MVPA\] (i.e., aerobic and resistance exercise). * Aim 2: Examine the effect of the intervention on additional health-related outcomes including physical fitness (i.e., aerobic endurance, muscular strength), and quality of life at both timepoints. * Aim 3: Explore potential mediators and moderators of intervention effects. We will examine mediators (e.g., self-efficacy, outcome expectations, group cohesion) and moderators (e.g., age, cancer stage, neighborhood walkability) of the intervention on MVPA. * Exploratory Aim: Determine whether a group-based videoconference PA intervention reduces loneliness among cancer survivors. Researchers will randomize participants into one of two guided exercise groups that are 12-weeks long in duration. Participants will be asked to complete online fitness assessments and surveys as well as wear a physical activity monitor device and watch a few times throughout the study. The whole study is 9-months long in duration with a 6-month free-living period where no study activities will take place.

The investigators will examine the feasibility, acceptability, and effect of an adaptive dietary intervention over 24 weeks (12-week intervention, 12-week follow-up) among Asian Americans with Type 2 diabetes. Participants (N=120; 60 Chinese Americans and 60 Vietnamese Americans) will be 2:1 randomized to one of two arms: adaptive dietary intervention or standard of care (SC). The intervention will begin with continued glucose monitoring (CGM) use only during weeks 0-4. At week 4, participants who achieve the glycemic control goal (at least an 8% increase in time in range \[TIR\] from baseline) will continue with the CGM alone during weeks 4-12 ("CGM Alone"); otherwise, culturally and linguistically adapted glucose excursion minimization (GEM) will be augmented with CGM ("CGM-GEM").

Time-restricted eating - where no food is consumed over a period of time - has been shown to promote weight loss and improve cardio-metabolic function. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, it is also been shown to improve glucose control. The investigators propose a randomized controlled trial to determine whether time-restricted eating is an effective therapeutic strategy that can preserve pancreatic beta-cell function and improve glycemic control early in participants with type 2 diabetes.

People with serious mental illness have high risk for type 2 diabetes due to multiple risk factors, including the metabolic side effects of psychotropic medications that are used to treat these conditions. Type 2 diabetes is preventable through lifestyle and pharmacological interventions, but many people with serious mental illness do not receive regular screening for type 2 diabetes risk. In many health care settings, clinical pharmacists are increasingly managing patients with serious mental illness and have expertise in monitoring the metabolic side effects of psychotropic medications. This study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of using a diabetes prediction model that is based on electronic health record data (the MetSense risk flag) to alert clinical pharmacists about patients who are at high diabetes risk, prompting these clinicians to prioritize diabetes risk management services.