Inside Insulin Chart

Table of Contents

Insulin Basics

Insulin Management

Insulin Administration

Types of Insulin

Insulin Basics

Insulin Management

Insulin Administration

Types of Insulin

Understanding Insulin: Types, Charts, and Brands

Insulin is vital for managing blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. There are several types of insulin, each with different working mechanisms.

Rapid-acting insulin starts to work within 15 minutes and lasts for about 3 to 4 hours.
Short-acting insulin takes about 30 minutes to start working and lasts up to 6 hours.
Intermediate-acting insulin begins in 1 to 2 hours and covers needs for about half the day or overnight.
Long-lasting insulin works throughout the day, up to 24 hours.

Charts are utilized to illustrate how different insulins work over time. They present the onset, peak, and duration of each type of insulin, aiding in understanding the timing of doses.

Several brands produce these types of insulins:

Rapid-action: Notable examples include NovoLog (Novo Nordisk) and Humalog (Eli Lilly).
Short-action: Regular insulins such as Humulin R (Eli Lilly) and Novolin R (Novo Nordisk).
Intermediate-action: NPH formulations like Humulin N (Eli Lilly) and Novolin N (Novo Nordisk).
Long-lasting: Brands include Lantus (Sanofi-Aventis), Levemir (Novo Nordisk), and Basaglar (Eli Lilly).

The selection of an appropriate type of insulin is based on individual health needs, lifestyle, diet, and exercise routines.

This information provides an overview of insulin types, their action charts, and brands, contributing to an understanding of diabetes management options.

Choosing and Adjusting Your Insulin Therapy

Choosing the right insulin therapy is critical for individuals with diabetes. It involves understanding the body's needs, lifestyle, and the workings of different types of insulin. Initially, the options available may seem overwhelming. However, breaking down the process can make it manageable.

Types of Insulin: There are several types of insulin based on how quickly they start to work and how long their effects last:

Rapid-acting insulin starts working within 15 minutes and lasts for a few hours.
Short-acting insulin takes about 30 minutes to kick in and lasts up to 6 hours.
Intermediate-acting provides coverage for about half a day or overnight.
Long-acting insulins cover blood sugar levels for an entire day without peaking.

Choosing Your Type: The choice depends on various factors including daily routine, eating habits, blood sugar patterns, and frequency of glucose level checks. A healthcare provider can tailor a regimen based on these factors.

Adjusting the therapy over time is necessary as well. The body might respond differently due to age, changes in weight, activity level, diet, or stress levels.

Monitor Regularly: It is important to keep track of blood sugar levels closely after starting or adjusting any insulin therapy.
Stay Informed: Understanding carbohydrate counting and learning how different foods affect glucose can aid in adjustments.
Communication: Regular check-ups allow for the fine-tuning of doses based on detailed logs of blood sugar readings before meals (preprandial) and at bedtime (postprandial).

Managing diabetes is an ongoing process that requires adjustments along the way. Staying informed about choices in treatment plans—including advancements in inhalable insulins—can contribute to effective health management.

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Insulin Delivery Methods and Options

Insulin is crucial for managing diabetes by controlling blood sugar levels. There are various insulin delivery methods available, each with distinct characteristics.

Traditional Insulin Syringes

This method involves using a needle and syringe to inject insulin into the fatty tissue under the skin. It is cost-effective but necessitates precise dosing and a comfort level with using needles.
Insulin Pens

Insulin pens are more convenient than traditional syringes. They are either pre-filled with insulin or designed to be used with insulin cartridges. The dose is selected by dialing on the pen, and insulin is administered through a fine needle tip. Their portability makes them suitable for use outside the home.
Insulin Pumps

Insulin pumps deliver insulin continuously through a small tube inserted under the skin. The device allows for dose adjustments in response to meals or physical activity, facilitating tight blood sugar control without the need for multiple daily injections.
Inhaled Insulin

Inhaled insulin is a relatively new method that involves inhaling the medication through an inhaler device before meals. It acts quickly but may not be appropriate for individuals with certain lung conditions.

Each insulin delivery method presents different considerations based on individual needs and response to insulin therapy.

Rapid-Acting vs. Long-Acting Insulin: An Overview

Rapid-acting insulin works quickly after injection, starting to lower blood sugar within 15 minutes, peaking around one hour later, and continuing to work for two to four hours. This type of insulin is designed to mimic the body's natural response to eating a meal, assisting in the management of the rise in blood glucose that occurs following food intake.

Long-acting insulin, in contrast, exhibits a much slower onset and is designed to deliver a steady effect over an extended period. It is characterized by a lack of a pronounced peak and maintains a consistent level of activity that can last up to 24 hours or more, aiding in the control of blood sugar throughout the day and night.

The choice between rapid-acting and long-acting insulin is influenced by individual health goals, lifestyle, and the body's response to insulin therapy. It is common for some individuals to utilize both types of insulin – using rapid-acting insulin before meals to manage immediate blood glucose rises and long-acting insulin to ensure all-day blood sugar control.

Refrences

Siddiqui, N. (2007, July 20). Insulin analogues: new dimension of management of diabetes mellitus. Mymensingh Medical Journal. Bangladesh Journals Online (JOL).http://doi.org/10.3329/mmj.v16i1.266
Schwartz, S. L., Ignaut, D. A., & Bodie, J. N. (2010, November). Humalog<sup>®</sup>KwikPen™: an insulin-injecting pen designed for ease of use. Expert Review of Medical Devices. Informa UK Limited.http://doi.org/10.1586/erd.10.63
Ilag, L. L., Kerr, L., Malone, J. K., & Tan, M. H. (2007, January). Prandial Premixed Insulin Analogue Regimens Versus Basal Insulin Analogue Regimens in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: An Evidence-Based Comparison. Clinical Therapeutics. Elsevier BV.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2007.07.003