Your session is about to expire
What is Timolol Maleate
TimololThe Generic name of this drug
Treatment SummaryDorzolamide is an eye medication used to lower the pressure in the eyes of people with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It works by blocking an enzyme in the ciliary process, which regulates the balance of ions and fluids in the eyes. Unlike other medications that treat eye pressure, dorzolamide does not cause acid-base or electrolyte disturbances or any other systemic side effects. It was first approved by the FDA in 1995 and is available as a single medication (Trusopt) or in combination with timolol (Cosopt PF).
Timopticis the brand name
Timolol Maleate Overview & Background
Brand Name
Generic Name
First FDA Approval
How many FDA approvals?
Timoptic
Timolol
1978
167
Effectiveness
How Timolol Maleate Affects PatientsDorzolamide is a medication used to treat open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It works by lowering the pressure in the eye, with the maximum effect seen about two hours after it is taken. When used with other medications, the effects of dorzolamide are stronger and can lower eye pressure even more.
How Timolol Maleate works in the bodyDorzolamide is a medication used to treat ocular hypertension or glaucoma. It works by decreasing the production of aqueous humor, a fluid in the eye, which reduces the intraocular pressure. It does this by blocking an enzyme called carbonic anhydrase II, which helps with the production of bicarbonate ions. By blocking this enzyme, sodium and fluid transport is disrupted and aqueous humor secretion is reduced, resulting in a decrease in intraocular pressure.
When to interrupt dosage
Condition
Dosage
Administration
inadequate response to other therapeutic measures
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
Migraine
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
Open-angle glaucoma
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
Migraine Disorders
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
Open Angle Glaucoma
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
Glaucoma
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
insufficient response to beta-blockers
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
requiring adjunctive or replacement therapy
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
Ocular Hypertension
5.0 mg/mL, , 5.0 mg, 10.0 mg, 20.0 mg, 2.5 mg/mL, 6.8 mg/mL, 6.83 mg/mL, 2.56 mg/mL, 5.12 mg/mL, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 3.4 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL
, Ophthalmic, Solution, Solution - Ophthalmic, Oral, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution / drops, Solution / drops - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming, extended release, Solution, gel forming, extended release - Ophthalmic, Liquid, Liquid - Ophthalmic, Suspension / drops, Suspension / drops - Ophthalmic, Suspension, Suspension - Ophthalmic, Solution, gel forming / drops, Solution, gel forming / drops - Ophthalmic
Warnings
Timolol Maleate has one contraindication and should not be blended with the ailments presented in the following table.Timolol Maleate ContraindicationsCondition
Risk Level
Notes
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions
Do Not Combine
Timolol may interact with Pulse Frequency
Lung Diseases, Obstructive
Do Not Combine
Sinus Bradycardia
Do Not Combine
Shock, Cardiogenic
Do Not Combine
second or third degree AV block
Do Not Combine
Asthma
Do Not Combine
Heart Failure
Do Not Combine
Common Timolol Maleate Drug Interactions
Drug Name
Risk Level
Description
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine
Major
The therapeutic efficacy of 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine can be decreased when used in combination with Timolol.
4-Methoxyamphetamine
Major
The therapeutic efficacy of 4-Methoxyamphetamine can be decreased when used in combination with Timolol.
Abediterol
Major
Timolol may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of Abediterol.
Adrafinil
Major
The therapeutic efficacy of Adrafinil can be decreased when used in combination with Timolol.
Agrostis gigantea pollen
Major
The risk of a hypersensitivity reaction to Agrostis gigantea pollen is increased when it is combined with Timolol.
Timolol Maleate Toxicity & Overdose RiskThe lowest toxic dose of dorzolamide in rats is 1927mg/kg and in mice is 1320 mg/kg. An overdose may lead to electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, or effects on the central nervous system. To address these symptoms, supportive care should be provided and the patient's potassium levels and blood pH levels should be monitored.
Timolol Maleate Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Timolol Maleate?
Currently, 34 active clinical trials are being conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Timolol Maleate in tackling Ocular Hypertension, Increased Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) and Open Angle Glaucoma.Condition
Clinical Trials
Trial Phases
Migraine
52 Actively Recruiting
Phase 4, Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 1, Phase 3, Early Phase 1
Open-angle glaucoma
43 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 4, Phase 1, Early Phase 1
requiring adjunctive or replacement therapy
0 Actively Recruiting
Migraine Disorders
1 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3
inadequate response to other therapeutic measures
0 Actively Recruiting
Open Angle Glaucoma
11 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3, Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 4
Ocular Hypertension
15 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3, Phase 4, Phase 1, Phase 2, Not Applicable
insufficient response to beta-blockers
0 Actively Recruiting
Glaucoma
0 Actively Recruiting
Timolol Maleate Reviews: What are patients saying about Timolol Maleate?
4.7Patient Review
2/16/2011 This medication was successful in keeping the pressure in my eyes normal.
4Patient Review
10/28/2008 This medication is easy to use and seems to be effective. I get the generic version which is much less expensive than other medications I've tried.
4Patient Review
6/12/2010 This is the third drop my doctor has tried and this one seems to be helping a little bit. It's easy to use and doesn't make me dizzy like Alphagan did.
4Patient Review
6/28/2014 This drug has been successful in reducing the pressure in my eyes. However, I have also noticed that my hair has been thinning out recently. Could this be a side effect of the medication?
4Patient Review
10/27/2010 The container is a little tough to use, but the drops work well and have few side effects.
4Patient Review
1/15/2014 This medication seems to be effective at maintaining a healthy blood pressure.
3.7Patient Review
2/4/2017 The last two prescriptions of Timolol have had a different base ingredient which causes a sticky substance to deal with every morning. My eyelashes are stuck together, which is very inconvenient. Why the change?
3.7Patient Review
6/6/2012 I've been taking this medication for about 16 years now, ever since I was first diagnosed. I have noticed that it seems to contribute to my bouts of depression, as well as heart palpitations.
3.3Patient Review
2/28/2017 This treatment has been effective in reducing my blood pressure; however, I have developed large red blotches on my face that are unsightly and painful.
3.3Patient Review
1/26/2012 I have noticed some problems with dizziness since starting this medication.
2.3Patient Review
10/3/2022 I have been taking Timolol for a while now to treat my open angle glaucoma, but I have found that it has caused my hair to fall out and made me dizzy. I have tried telling this to my eye consultant, but they don't seem to be taking me seriously. So, I've decided to stop taking Timolol and stick with Latanoprost. I'm also going to try taking Ginkgo Bilbo capsules with dinner to see if that helps. It's all a matter of trial and error at this point.
2.3Patient Review
7/16/2011 At first, this lowered my blood pressure. But then it stopped working as well and started giving me drowsy side effects, as well as a lower libido.
2.3Patient Review
2/27/2019 I experienced a significant drop in blood pressure (worst reading was 102/53) after taking this medication, which made me feel extremely tired--which is very unusual for me.
2Patient Review
2/20/2016 Timilol hardens quickly and creates a glue-like consistency that is very difficult to remove. I have to use tissues and warm water to try and soften it, but by morning my lashes are stuck together.
2Patient Review
6/16/2009 After starting my cat on this medication, they began vomiting within 20 minutes. Three times. Is this a common reaction in cats?
1.7Patient Review
7/12/2011 I experienced redness and crusting around my eyelids.
1Patient Review
3/30/2018 After just two weeks of using this eye drop in conjunction with latanoprost, I constantly felt cold, tired, and on the verge of tears. My sex drive disappeared and I had difficulty sleeping or staying asleep due to anxious dreams. I would have rather been blind than continue living like that. Thankfully, after stopping the timolol, these side effects lessened and eventually disappeared over the course of four weeks.
1Patient Review
5/17/2018 Unfortunately, this drug caused my heart rate to drop 10 points. I'm glad that I have been monitoring my blood pressure and heart rate for years because it helped me relate the drop in heart rate to the eye drops.
Patient Q&A Section about timolol maleate
These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.How long should timolol eye drops be used?
"Ophthalmic timolol is a solution that comes in liquid form, as well as an extended-release gel-forming solution. The latter thickens to a gel when instilled in the eye. Timolol eye drops are usually instilled once or twice a day, at evenly spaced intervals, until pressure in the eye is controlled (about 4 weeks)."
Answered by AI
What is the side effects of timolol maleate?
"If you experience any of the following effects for more than a short period of time, you should tell your doctor or pharmacist. These include temporary blurred vision, burning/stinging/itching/redness of the eye, watery eyes, dry eyes, feeling as if something is in the eye, or headache."
Answered by AI
What is timolol maleate used for?
"This medication is used to treat high pressure in the eye that is caused by open-angle glaucoma or a condition called ocular hypertension. This medicine is a beta blocker."
Answered by AI
What is the difference between timolol and timolol maleate?
"28 healthy subjects were given either timolol hemihydrate or timolol maleate in both eyes twice a day for a week, in a double masked fashion. The only known difference between the two preparations is the maleate salt."
Answered by AI