Tasquinimod for Myelofibrosis
Recruiting in Palo Alto (17 mi)
Age: 18+
Sex: Any
Travel: May Be Covered
Time Reimbursement: Varies
Trial Phase: Phase 2
Recruiting
Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Must be taking: Ruxolitinib
Must not be taking: Corticosteroids, Chemotherapy, Immunosuppressives, others
Disqualifiers: Cardiac disease, Hepatitis, HIV, others
No Placebo Group
Prior Safety Data
Trial Summary
What is the purpose of this trial?To learn if tasquinimod either alone or in combination with ruxolitinib can help to control PMF, post-PV MF, or post-ET MF.
Will I have to stop taking my current medications?
The trial requires stopping certain medications before starting the study. You must stop any chemotherapy, immunomodulatory drugs, platelet-reducing therapy, and immunosuppressive therapy at least 28 days before the study. Some medications like hydroxyurea can be continued until one day before starting the trial, and ruxolitinib can be continued if you are in the combination cohort.
What data supports the effectiveness of the drug Tasquinimod for Myelofibrosis?
Ruxolitinib, a component of the treatment, has been shown to improve symptoms and quality of life in patients with myelofibrosis, as well as reduce spleen size in some patients. It is a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor that has been approved for treating intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis.
12345Is Tasquinimod safe for humans?
Ruxolitinib, a drug similar to Tasquinimod, has been studied for safety in patients with myelofibrosis. Common side effects include low blood cell counts, infections, and bleeding, but these can often be managed with dose adjustments. Overall, the safety profile supports its use for long-term treatment.
14678How is the drug Tasquinimod for Myelofibrosis different from other treatments?
Tasquinimod, when combined with Ruxolitinib, offers a unique approach to treating myelofibrosis by targeting both JAK1 and JAK2 pathways, which are crucial in the disease's progression. Ruxolitinib is already known for improving symptoms and quality of life in myelofibrosis patients, and the addition of Tasquinimod may provide further benefits, although its specific role in this combination is still being explored.
1491011Eligibility Criteria
This trial is for patients with certain types of bone marrow disorders: Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF), Post-Polycythemia Vera Myelofibrosis (Post-PV MF), or Post-Essential Thrombocytosis Myelofibrosis (Post-ET MF). Specific eligibility criteria are not provided, but typically include factors like age, disease stage, and overall health.Inclusion Criteria
For women of childbearing potential, a documented negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 14 days prior to the administration of study drug.
Participants must provide written informed consent.
Willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plan and laboratory tests.
+10 more
Exclusion Criteria
Known hypersensitivity to tasquinimod or any excipients in the study treatments
I have had pancreatitis before.
Prior inclusion in this study
+16 more
Trial Timeline
Screening
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial
2-4 weeks
Treatment
Participants receive tasquinimod alone or in combination with ruxolitinib in 28-day cycles
6 cycles (approximately 6 months)
Follow-up
Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after treatment
4 weeks
Long-term follow-up
Participants are monitored for adverse events and response duration
Up to 1 year
Participant Groups
The study is testing the effectiveness of a drug called Tasquinimod alone or combined with another medication named Ruxolitinib in controlling PMF, post-PV MF, or post-ET MF. It's an open-label phase 2 study which means everyone knows what treatment they're getting.
2Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Group I: Group 2Experimental Treatment2 Interventions
Participants who are already on a stable dose of ruxolitinib for at least 8 weeks who have achieved a sub-optimal response will be assigned to Group 2. In Group 2, participants will receive tasquinimod daily on days 1-28 and ruxolitinib dose will be continued.
Group II: Group 1Experimental Treatment1 Intervention
Participants have already been receiving ruxolitinib for at least 3 months and are not responding well to ruxolitinib or have low blood cell counts, participants will be assigned to Group 1. In Group 1, participants will receive tasquinimod alone daily each 28 day cycle.
Ruxolitinib is already approved in United States, European Union for the following indications:
🇺🇸 Approved in United States as Jakafi for:
- Intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis
- Polycythemia vera
- Steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease
- Chronic graft-versus-host disease
- Vitiligo
🇪🇺 Approved in European Union as Jakavi for:
- Intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis
- Polycythemia vera
- Steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease
- Chronic graft-versus-host disease
- Non-segmental vitiligo
Find a Clinic Near You
Research Locations NearbySelect from list below to view details:
MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX
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Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterLead Sponsor
Active Biotech ABIndustry Sponsor
References
Health-related quality of life and symptoms in patients with myelofibrosis treated with ruxolitinib versus best available therapy. [2021]Patients with myelofibrosis (MF) have significant debilitating symptoms, physical disabilities, and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Here, we report post-hoc analyses of the impact of ruxolitinib, a potent and selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, on disease-related symptoms and HRQoL in MF patients from the large phase 3 COMFORT-II study (N = 219). During the follow-up period of 48 weeks, HRQoL and MF-associated symptoms improved from baseline for ruxolitinib-treated patients but remained the same or worsened for best available therapy (BAT)-treated patients. Based on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QoL Questionnaire core 30 items (EORTC QLQ-C30), treatment-induced differences in physical and role functioning, fatigue, and appetite loss significantly favoured ruxolitinib versus BAT from week 8 (P
Tracing the decision-making process for myelofibrosis: diagnosis, stratification, and management of ruxolitinib therapy in real-word practice. [2023]The management of patients with myelofibrosis (MF) has dramatically changed since the introduction of ruxolitinib as a tailored treatment strategy. However, the perceptions about the use of this drug in clinical practice remain, at times, a matter of discussion. We conducted a survey about the diagnostic evaluation, prognostic assessment, and management of ruxolitinib in real-life clinical practice in 18 Italian hematology centers. At diagnosis, most hematologists do not use genetically or molecularly inspired score systems to assess prognosis, mainly due to scarce availability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodology, with NGS conversely reserved only for a subset of lower-risk MF patients with the aim of possibly improving the treatment strategy. Some common points in the management of ruxolitinib were 1) clinical triggers for ruxolitinib therapy, regardless of risk category; 2) evaluation of infectious risk before the starting of the drug; and 3) schedule of monitoring during the first 12 weeks with the need, in some instances, of supportive treatment. Further development of international recommendations and insights will allow the achievement of common criteria for the management of ruxolitinib in MF, before and after treatment, and for the definition of response and failure.
Baseline factors associated with response to ruxolitinib: an independent study on 408 patients with myelofibrosis. [2019]In patients with Myelofibrosis (MF) treated with ruxolitinib (RUX), the response is unpredictable at therapy start. We retrospectively evaluated the impact of clinical/laboratory factors on responses in 408 patients treated with RUX according to prescribing obligations in 18 Italian Hematology Centers. At 6 months, 114 out of 327 (34.9%) evaluable patients achieved a spleen response. By multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model, pre-treatment factors negatively correlating with spleen response were: high/intermediate-2 IPSS risk (p=0.024), large splenomegaly (p=0.017), transfusion dependency (p=0.022), platelet count <200×109/l (p=0.028), and a time-interval between MF diagnosis and RUX start >2 years (p=0.048). Also, patients treated with higher (≥10 mg BID) average RUX doses in the first 12 weeks achieved higher response rates (p=0.019). After adjustment for IPSS risk, patients in spleen response at 6 months showed only a trend for better survival compared to non-responders. At 6 months, symptoms response was achieved by 85.5% of 344 evaluable patients; only a higher (>20) Total Symptom Score significantly correlated with lower probability of response (p<0.001). Increased disease severity, a delay in RUX start and titrated doses <10 mg BID were associated with patients achievinglower response rates. An early treatment and higher RUX doses may achieve better therapeutic results.
Janus activated kinase inhibition in myelofibrosis. [2021]Janus Activated Kinase (JAK) 2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis (MF). Ruxolitinib (INCB018424, Jakafi) is a potent dual JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor. In November 2011, it became approved by the US FDA for the treatment of intermediate or high-risk MF. This review shall outline the role of Ruxolitinib in the current management of MF and its potential future.
Evaluation of an alternative ruxolitinib dosing regimen in patients with myelofibrosis: an open-label phase 2 study. [2021]Ruxolitinib improves splenomegaly and symptoms in patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis; however, nearly half develop grade 3/4 anemia and/or thrombocytopenia, necessitating dose reductions and/or transfusions. We report findings from an open-label phase 2 study exploring a dose-escalation strategy aimed at preserving clinical benefit while reducing hematological adverse events early in ruxolitinib treatment.
Real-world non-interventional long-term post-authorisation safety study of ruxolitinib in myelofibrosis. [2021]Primary objective of this non-interventional, post-authorisation safety study was to provide real-world safety data [incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs)/serious adverse events (SAEs)] on adult patients with myelofibrosis exposed/or not exposed to ruxolitinib. Key secondary objectives included the incidence/outcome of events of special interest (bleeding events, serious/opportunistic infections, second primary malignancies, and deaths). Overall, 462 patients were included [prevalent users = 260, new users = 32, non-exposed = 170 (inclusive of ruxolitinib-switch, n = 57)]. The exposure-adjusted incidence rates (per 100 patient-years) of ADRs (19·3 vs. 19·6) and SAEs (25·2 vs. 25·0) were comparable amongst new-users versus prevalent-users cohorts, respectively; most frequent ADRs across all cohorts included thrombocytopenia, anaemia, epistaxis, urinary tract infection, and herpes zoster. Anaemia, pneumonia, general physical health deterioration, sepsis, and death were the most frequent SAEs across all cohorts. Incidence rates of bleeding events (21·6) and serious/opportunistic infections (34·5) were higher in ruxolitinib-switch cohort versus other cohorts. The incidence rate of second primary malignancies was higher in the prevalent-users cohort (10·1) versus other cohorts. The observed safety profile of ruxolitinib in the present study along with the safety findings from the COMFORT/JUMP/EXPAND studies support the use of ruxolitinib for long-term treatment of patients with myelofibrosis.
A Prognostic Model to Predict Ruxolitinib Discontinuation and Death in Patients with Myelofibrosis. [2023]Most patients with myelofibrosis (MF) discontinue ruxolitinib (JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor) in the first 5 years of therapy due to therapy failure. As the therapeutic possibilities of MF are expanding, it is critical to identify patients predisposed to early ruxolitinib monotherapy failure and worse outcomes. We investigated predictors of early ruxolitinib discontinuation and death on therapy in 889 patients included in the "RUX-MF" retrospective study. Overall, 172 patients were alive on ruxolitinib after ≥5 years (long-term ruxolitinib, LTR), 115 patients were alive but off ruxolitinib after ≥5 yrs (short-term RUX, STR), and 123 patients died while on ruxolitinib after <5 yrs (early death on ruxolitinib, EDR). The cumulative incidence of the blast phase was similar in LTR and STR patients (p = 0.08). Overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in LTR pts (p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, PLT < 100 × 109/L, Hb < 10 g/dL, primary MF, absence of spleen response at 3 months and ruxolitinib starting dose <10 mg BID were associated with higher probability of STR. Assigning one point to each significant variable, a prognostic model for STR (STR-PM) was built, and three groups were identified: low (score 0-1), intermediate (score 2), and high risk (score ≥ 3). The STR-PM may identify patients at higher risk of failure with ruxolitinib monotherapy who should be considered for alternative frontline strategies.
Optimizing management of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis: the need for individualized dosing. [2021]Ruxolitinib, an oral JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, is approved in the US for patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis (MF), a chronic neoplasm associated with aberrant myeloproliferation, progressive bone marrow fibrosis, splenomegaly, and burdensome symptoms. Phase III clinical studies have shown that ruxolitinib reduces splenomegaly and alleviates MF-related symptoms, with concomitant improvements in quality of life measures, for the overwhelming majority of treated patients. In addition, ruxolitinib provided an overall survival advantage as compared with either placebo or what was previously considered best available therapy in the two phase III studies. The most common adverse events with ruxolitinib treatment include dose-dependent anemia and thrombocytopenia, which are expected based on its mechanism of action. Experience from the phase III studies shows that these hematologic events can be managed effectively with dose modifications, temporary treatment interruptions, as well as red blood cell transfusions in the case of anemia and, importantly, are rarely cause for permanent treatment discontinuation. This review summarizes data supporting appropriate individualized patient management through careful monitoring of blood counts and dose titration as needed in order to maximize treatment benefit.
Light and shade of ruxolitinib: positive role of early treatment with ruxolitinib and ruxolitinib withdrawal syndrome in patients with myelofibrosis. [2022]Myelofibrosis (MF) is characterized by ineffective and hepatosplenic extramedullary hematopoiesis due to fibrotic changes in the bone marrow and systemic manifestations due to aberrant cytokine release. Ruxolitinib (RUX) is the first JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor that is clinically approved to treat splenomegaly by ameliorating inflammatory cytokines and myeloproliferation in MF.
Clarifying the use of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis. [2021]Myelofibrosis (MF) is a hematopoietic stem cell malignancy classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). The clinical course of individuals with MF is heterogeneous and characterized by constitutional symptoms, bone marrow myeloproliferation and fibrosis, progressive cytopenias, and symptomatic splenomegaly. Historically, patients with this debilitating disease have had limited treatment options, and disease-modifying agents were not available. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only potentially curative therapy, but it is only an option for select patients. The discovery of an activating point mutation in the Janus kinase 2 gene (JAK2V617F) in a significant portion of patients with MPNs led to improved understanding of the pathobiology of these disorders and prompted rapid development of JAK inhibitors. Ruxolitinib (Jakafi) is the first-in-class and only JAK inhibitor currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of patients with MF; approval was based on the results of the COMFORT (COntrolled MyeloFibrosis study with ORal JAK inhibitor Treatment) I and II studies. While not a curative option, ruxolitinib offers great palliative potential and results in significant reduction in splenomegaly and improvement in constitutional symptoms in the majority of treated patients, thus improving their quality of life and performance status. Additionally, ruxolitinib is the only agent that has demonstrated a survival benefit in patients with MF. The optimal use of ruxolitinib for MF patients is challenging and complex. In this article, we provide updated data on ruxolitinib therapy for patients with MF and offer expert opinion on the appropriate use of this agent in the community practice.
[Analysis of the effect of gene mutations on the efficacy of ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis based on second-generation sequencing technology]. [2023]Objective: To assess the effect of gene mutations on the efficacy of ruxolitinib for treating myelofibrosis (MF) . Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 56 patients with MF treated with ruxolitinib from July 2017 to December 2020 and applied second-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to detect 127 hematologic tumor-related gene mutations. Additionally, we analyzed the relationship between mutated genes and the efficacy of ruxolitinib. Results: ①Among the 56 patients, there were 36 cases of primary bone marrow fibrosis (PMF) , 9 cases of bone marrow fibrosis (ppv-mf) after polycythemia vera, and 11 cases of bone marrow fibrosis (PET-MF) after primary thrombocytosis (ET) . ②Fifty-six patients with MF taking ruxolitinib underwent NGS, among whom, 50 (89.29%) carried driver mutations, 22 (39.29%) carried ≥3 mutations, and 29 (51.79%) carried high-risk mutations (HMR) . ③ For patients with MF carrying ≥ 3 mutations, ruxolitinib still had a better effect of improving somatic symptoms and shrinking the spleen (P=0.001, P<0.001) , but TTF and PFS were significantly shorter in patients carrying ≥ 3 mutations (P=0.007, P=0.042) . ④For patients carrying ≥ 2 HMR mutations, ruxolitinib was less effective in shrinking the spleen than in those who did not carry HMR (t= 10.471, P=0.034) , and the TTF and PFS were significantly shorter in patients carrying ≥2 HMR mutations (P<0.001, P=0.001) . ⑤Ruxolitinib had poorer effects on spleen reduction, symptom improvement, and stabilization of myelofibrosis in patients carrying additional mutations in ASXL1, EZH2, and SRSF2. Moreover, patients carrying ASXL1 and EZH2 mutations had significantly shorter TTF [ASXL1: 360 (55-1270) d vs 440 (55-1268) d, z=-3.115, P=0.002; EZH2: 327 (55-975) d vs 404 (50-1270) d, z=-3.219, P=0.001], and significantly shorter PFS compared to non-carriers [ASXL1: 457 (50-1331) d vs 574 (55-1437) d, z=-3.219, P=0.001) ; 428 (55-1331) d vs 505 (55-1437) d, z=-2.576, P=0.008]. Conclusion: The type and number of mutations carried by patients with myelofibrosis and HMR impact the efficacy of ruxolitinib.