What side effects are associated with this type of intervention?

Common treatments for intestinal carcinoma, such as Temozolomide and Capecitabine, have several known side effects. Temozolomide often causes nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and myelosuppression. Capecitabine, which is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil, can lead to diarrhea, hand-foot syndrome, nausea, and myelosuppression. Patients undergoing these treatments may experience a combination of these side effects, and it is important to manage them under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

What prior FDA approvals exist?

For the treatment of Intestinal Carcinoma, the FDA has approved several drugs that work through mechanisms similar to Temozolomide and Capecitabine. Capecitabine, which is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), has been approved for use in colorectal cancer, including metastatic cases. 5-FU itself, often combined with leucovorin, is a cornerstone in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Oxaliplatin, another FDA-approved drug, is frequently used in combination with 5-FU and leucovorin (FOLFOX regimen) for colorectal cancer. These treatments focus on inhibiting DNA synthesis and causing DNA damage to kill cancer cells, similar to the mechanisms of Temozolomide and Capecitabine.

What other types of research exist?

Promising novel alternatives to Temozolomide and Capecitabine for Intestinal Carcinoma patients include: <ol> <li>Immunotherapy agents such as Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab, which have shown efficacy in various gastrointestinal cancers.</li> <li></li> </ol> Targeted therapies like Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for HER2-positive cancers. 3. Combination regimens involving newer agents like Tucatinib with Capecitabine and Trastuzumab, particularly for HER2-positive cases. 4. PARP inhibitors such as Olaparib for patients with BRCA mutations. These alternatives are based on recent clinical trials and advancements in the field.

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Anti-metabolites

Chemotherapy for Neuroendocrine Cancer

Phase 2

Waitlist Available

Led By Jennifer Eads

Research Sponsored by ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group

Eligibility Criteria Checklist

Specific guidelines that determine who can or cannot participate in a clinical trial

Must have

Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2

Serum creatinine =< 1.5 X institutional ULN and creatinine clearance >= 60 ml/min

Must not have

Patients with a history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biochemical composition to cisplatin, carboplatin, etoposide, temozolomide or capecitabine

Patients with symptomatic heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia or a serious psychiatric illness/social situation that would limit compliance with study requirements are not eligible

Timeline

Screening 3 weeks

Treatment Varies

Follow Up up to 5 years

Awards & highlights

No Placebo-Only Group

Summary

This trial is testing two different sets of cancer drugs to see which works better for patients with advanced neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread or cannot be removed by surgery. The drugs aim to stop cancer from growing and spreading by attacking the cancer cells in different ways. One of the drugs being tested is used for treating advanced neuroendocrine tumors.

Who is the study for?

This trial is for adults with advanced, inoperable or metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract or pancreas. They should not have had prior systemic treatment for this cancer and must be physically well enough to participate (ECOG 0-2). Participants need functioning major organs, no severe allergies to study drugs, no other cancers unless specific conditions are met, and cannot be pregnant. Effective contraception is advised.

What is being tested?

The trial compares two chemotherapy regimens: temozolomide plus capecitabine versus cisplatin or carboplatin with etoposide. It aims to determine which combination is more effective against certain types of neuroendocrine carcinomas that haven't responded well to standard treatments.

What are the potential side effects?

Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, low blood cell counts leading to increased infection risk and bleeding problems, liver and kidney function changes. Rarely there may be allergic reactions or hand-foot syndrome where hands or feet become swollen and painful.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

You may be eligible if you check “Yes” for the criteria below

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I can take care of myself and am up and about more than half of my waking hours.

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My kidney function tests are within normal limits.

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I do not have any serious infections, heart issues, or mental health conditions that would prevent me from following the study's requirements.

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I have no allergies to specific cancer drugs like cisplatin or carboplatin.

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I haven't had a heart attack, unstable angina, or blood clots in my arteries in the last year.

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I do not have problems absorbing medications.

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I am not taking Coumadin but may be on other blood thinners.

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My cancer is confirmed as non-small cell lung cancer through a biopsy.

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I do not have a known DPD deficiency.

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My cancer is a type that started in my stomach or pancreas and cannot be surgically removed.

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I do not have symptoms from peripheral vascular disease.

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I am not pregnant or breast-feeding.

Exclusion Criteria

You may be eligible for the trial if you check “No” for criteria below:

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I am allergic to certain chemotherapy drugs like cisplatin or carboplatin.

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I do not have serious heart issues, unstable chest pain, irregular heartbeats, or major psychiatric/social situations that would prevent me from following the study's requirements.

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I can absorb medications properly.

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I do not have HIV or take antiretroviral therapy.

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I do not have brain metastases or carcinomatous meningitis.

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I do not have any active or uncontrolled infections.

Timeline

Screening ~ 3 weeks3 visits

Treatment ~ Varies

Follow Up ~ up to 5 years

Screening ~ 3 weeks

Treatment ~ Varies

Follow Up ~up to 5 years

This trial's timeline: 3 weeks for screening, Varies for treatment, and up to 5 years for reporting.

Treatment Details

Study Objectives

Study objectives can provide a clearer picture of what you can expect from a treatment.

Primary study objectives

PFS

Secondary study objectives

Incidence of toxicity, graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0

Response rate (complete response or partial response) by RECIST 1.1

Other study objectives

Ki-67 as a continuous measure assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC)

Ki-67 measured centrally

Ki-67 measured with registering institutions? pathology assessments

+3 more

Side effects data

From 2021 Phase 3 trial • 693 Patients • NCT02028507

63%

Neutrophil count decreased

51%

Fatigue

37%

Hypertension

25%

Nausea

23%

Weight loss

19%

Back pain

17%

Diarrhea

17%

Headache

17%

Mucositis

16%

Weight gain

15%

Vomiting

13%

Hypothermia

13%

Arthralgia

12%

Anorexia

12%

Alopecia

11%

Anemia

11%

Cough

11%

Upper respiratory infection

10%

Flu like symptoms

10%

Obesity

Pain in extremity

Constipation

Fever

Pruritus

Bone pain

Dizziness

Dyspepsia

Hot flashes

Dysgeusia

Pain

Nail disorder

Respiratory infection

Abdominal pain

Spinal cord compression

Heart failure

Bronchial infection

Pleural effusion

Ascites

Urinary tract infection

Breast infection

Dyspnea

Gallbladder infection

Renal failure

Thromboembolic event

Dislocation of hip

Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome

Osteonecrosis of jaw

Cholecystitis acute

Gastrointestinal infection

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

Study treatment Arm

Cohort 2: Palbociclib Plus Fulvestrant

Cohort 1 and 2: Capecitabine

Cohort 1: Palbociclib Plus Exemestane

Awards & Highlights

No Placebo-Only Group

All patients enrolled in this study will receive some form of active treatment.

Trial Design

2Treatment groups

Experimental Treatment

Active Control

Group I: Arm A (capecitabine, temozolomide)Experimental Treatment3 Interventions

Patients receive capecitabine PO BID on days 1-14 and temozolomide PO QD on days 10-14. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Group II: Arm B (cisplatin, carboplatin, etoposide)Active Control4 Interventions

Patients receive cisplatin IV on days 1-3 or carboplatin IV on day 1. Patients also receive etoposide IV on days 1-3. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Treatment

First Studied

Drug Approval Stage

How many patients have taken this drug

Temozolomide

2010

Completed Phase 3

~1880

Capecitabine

2013

Completed Phase 3

~3960

0 / 18Eligibility criteria met

Research Highlights

Information in this section is not a recommendation. We encourage patients to speak with their healthcare team when evaluating any treatment decision.

Mechanism Of Action

Side Effect Profile

Prior Approvals

Other Research

Temozolomide and Capecitabine are common treatments for Intestinal Carcinoma due to their specific mechanisms of action. Temozolomide is an alkylating agent that damages DNA, leading to cancer cell death. Capecitabine is a prodrug that is metabolized into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which inhibits DNA synthesis by targeting thymidylate synthase. These mechanisms are crucial as they directly interfere with the cancer cells' ability to replicate and survive, providing a targeted approach to treatment that can improve patient outcomes.