Trial Summary
What is the purpose of this trial?
Objectives: Smokers with varying levels of health literacy as assessed by the S-TOFHLA (i.e., inadequate, marginal, adequate) recruited from the community will listen to one of 4 different types of messages emphasizing the health consequences of smoking recorded on a computer in the form of audio scripts (i.e., a human voice pre-recorded on a computer will read each message). Messages written at a 5th to 6th grade reading level will be concurrently presented in written form via a computer monitor and be manipulated in terms of 1) emotionality (i.e., primarily fact- vs. primarily emotion-based), and 2) framing (i.e., gain-framed messages that highlight the potential benefits of quitting smoking vs. loss-framed messages that emphasize the potential costs of failing to quit smoking). Emotionality and framing will be completely crossed to create four different types of messages, 1) factual gain-framed (FGF), 2) factual loss-framed (FLF), 3) emotional gain-framed (EGF), and 4) emotional loss-framed (ELF). The primary objectives are to: 1. Examine whether main effects emerge for health literacy as assessed by the S-TOFHLA (inadequate, marginal, adequate) and the different message types (fact- vs. emotion-based and gain- vs. loss-framed) on the primary explicit and implicit outcomes: a) intention to quit, and b) implicit and explicit attitudes toward smoking. 2. Examine whether health literacy interacts with the different types of messages (fact-based vs. emotion-based and gain-framed vs. loss-framed) to influence the primary explicit and implicit outcome measures: a) intention to quit smoking, and b) implicit and explicit attitudes toward smoking. A secondary, exploratory aim is to: 3. Examine potential associations between a) the primary explicit and implicit outcomes, and b) the secondary explicit and implicit outcomes: knowledge, risk perception, attitudes, self-efficacy, message evaluations, implicit fear of disease, and implicit associations between smoking and disease.
Research Team
Lorna McNeill
Principal Investigator
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Eligibility Criteria
This trial is for English-speaking smokers aged 18 to 70 who have smoked at least 5 cigarettes daily over the past year. They must have a home address, phone number, and not be using nicotine replacements or enrolled in cessation programs.Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
Treatment Details
Interventions
- Focus Group (Behavioural Intervention)
- Questionnaire (Behavioural Intervention)
Find a Clinic Near You
Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Lead Sponsor
Dr. Peter WT Pisters
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Chief Executive Officer since 2017
MD from University of Western Ontario
Dr. Jeffrey E. Lee
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Chief Medical Officer
MD from Stanford University School of Medicine
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Collaborator
Dr. Douglas R. Lowy
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Chief Executive Officer since 2023
MD from New York University School of Medicine
Dr. Monica Bertagnolli
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Chief Medical Officer since 2022
MD from Harvard Medical School