Heat Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes
Recruiting in Palo Alto (17 mi)
Age: 18+
Sex: Any
Travel: May Be Covered
Time Reimbursement: Varies
Trial Phase: Academic
Recruiting
Sponsor: Montreal Heart Institute
Must not be taking: Insulin
Disqualifiers: Class 3 obesity, Hypertension, Cardiac disease, others
No Placebo Group
Trial Summary
What is the purpose of this trial?This trial will investigate if heat therapy can help people with type 2 diabetes. The study will see if regular heat exposure over a few months improves how their bodies handle fats and sugars and if it benefits their blood vessels. This approach is being tested because current medications alone are not enough to reduce their high risk of heart disease. Heat therapy has been found effective in improving glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Will I have to stop taking my current medications?
The trial does not specify if you need to stop taking your current medications, but it requires that your medication has been stable for at least 12 weeks before joining.
What data supports the effectiveness of the treatment Home-based Heat Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes?
Research shows that heat therapy, like sauna and hot tub use, can reduce glycated hemoglobin levels by 1% in people with type 2 diabetes, indicating potential benefits for managing the condition.
12345Is heat therapy safe for people with type 2 diabetes?
Heat therapy, like using saunas or hot tubs, has been studied for its effects on people with type 2 diabetes and other conditions. It generally appears safe, with some studies showing benefits for blood pressure and vascular health, but it can increase heart rate and body temperature. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new treatment.
12367How does heat therapy differ from other treatments for type 2 diabetes?
Heat therapy for type 2 diabetes is unique because it involves using heat, such as from saunas or hot tubs, to potentially improve metabolic health and reduce glycated hemoglobin levels. Unlike traditional treatments that focus on medication or lifestyle changes, this therapy uses heat to stimulate heat shock proteins, which may help manage diabetes and its complications.
12589Eligibility Criteria
This trial is for men and women aged 45-75 with type 2 diabetes diagnosed at least a year ago, who have been on stable medication for the past 12 weeks. It's not suitable for those with severe heart, kidney or lung diseases, very high obesity (Class 3), uncontrolled hypertension, serious nerve or eye damage from diabetes, those using insulin therapy, or with very high blood fat or cholesterol levels.Inclusion Criteria
I have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for at least a year.
My medication has been the same for the last 12 weeks.
I am between 45 and 75 years old.
Exclusion Criteria
My BMI is 40 or higher.
My high blood pressure is not controlled by medication.
I have been diagnosed with heart, kidney, or lung disease.
+4 more
Trial Timeline
Screening
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial
2-4 weeks
Treatment
Participants undergo 12 weeks of heat therapy to improve cardiometabolic functions
12 weeks
Weekly sessions
Follow-up
Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after treatment
4 weeks
Participant Groups
The study is exploring whether sitting in hot water can improve heart health and sugar metabolism in people with type 2 diabetes. Participants will undergo heat therapy sessions over a period of 12 weeks to see if it helps manage fatty acids after eating, improves insulin sensitivity and benefits the lining of their blood vessels.
2Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Placebo Group
Group I: HeatExperimental Treatment1 Intervention
Participants will immerse their feet in a foot bath with water maintained at 42°C
Group II: ThermoneutralPlacebo Group1 Intervention
Participants will immerse their feet in a foot bath with water maintained at 36°C
Find a Clinic Near You
Research Locations NearbySelect from list below to view details:
Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart InstituteMontréal, Canada
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Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
Montreal Heart InstituteLead Sponsor
References
Heat shock proteins and heat therapy for type 2 diabetes: pros and cons. [2022]Heat therapy, such as sauna and hot tub, has become an increasingly regular therapeutical practice around the world since several studies have shown benefits of heat therapy in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The use of heat therapy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus revealed a striking reduction of 1% unit in the glycated hemoglobin, suggesting this therapy for the treatment of diabetes. Herein, we shall discuss the use of heat therapy and the mechanisms involved, and suggest a provisional guide for the use of heat therapy in obesity and diabetes.
Acute effect of passive heat exposure on markers of cardiometabolic function in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. [2022]Heat therapy is a promising strategy to improve cardiometabolic health. This study evaluated the acute physiological responses to hot water immersion in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). On separate days in randomized order, 13 adults with T2DM [8 males/5 females, 62 ± 12 yr, body mass index (BMI): 30.1 ± 4.6 kg/m2] were immersed in thermoneutral (34°C, 90 min) or hot (41°C, core temperature ≥38.5°C for 60 min) water. Insulin sensitivity was quantified via the minimal oral model during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed 60 min after immersion. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and reactive hyperemia were evaluated before and 40 min after immersion. Blood samples were drawn to quantify protein concentrations and mRNA levels of HSP70 and HSP90, and circulating concentrations of cytokines. Relative to thermoneutral water immersion, hot water immersion increased core temperature (+1.66°C [+1.47, +1.87], P < 0.01), heart rate (+34 beats/min [+24, +44], P < 0.01), antegrade shear rate (+96 s-1 [+57, +134], P < 0.01), and IL-6 (+1.38 pg/mL [+0.31, +2.45], P = 0.01). Hot water immersion did not exert an acute change in insulin sensitivity (-0.3 dL/kg/min/μU/mL [-0.9, +0.2], P = 0.18), FMD (-1.0% [-3.6, +1.6], P = 0.56), peak (+0.36 mL/min/mmHg [-0.71, +1.43], P = 0.64), and total (+0.11 mL/min/mmHg × min [-0.46, +0.68], P = 0.87) reactive hyperemia. There was also no change in eHSP70 (P = 0.64), iHSP70 (P = 0.06), eHSP90 (P = 0.80), iHSP90 (P = 0.51), IL1-RA (P = 0.11), GLP-1 (P = 0.59), and NF-κB (P = 0.56) after hot water immersion. The physiological responses elicited by hot water immersion do not acutely improve markers of cardiometabolic function in adults with T2DM.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Heat therapy has been shown to improve markers of cardiometabolic health in preclinical and clinical studies. However, the effects of heat therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain understudied. We examined the acute effect of hot water immersion on glucose tolerance, flow-mediated dilation, reactive hyperemia, inflammatory markers, and heat shock proteins in adults with T2DM. Hot water immersion did not acutely improve the markers studied.
Thermal biofeedback in the treatment of intermittent claudication in diabetes: a case study. [2019]The objective of the present case study was to examine the therapeutic effects of thermal biofeedback-assisted autogenic training on a patient with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), vascular disease, and symptoms of intermittent claudication. The patient received thermal biofeedback from the hand for five sessions, then from the foot for 16 sessions, while hand and foot skin temperature were monitored simultaneously. In addition, the patient was instructed in autogenic training and practiced daily at home. Follow-up measurements were taken at 12 and 48 months. Within-session foot temperature rose specifically in response to foot temperature biofeedback and starting foot temperature rose between sessions. Posttreatment blood pressure was reduced to a normal level. Attacks of intermittent claudication were reduced to zero after 12 sessions and walking distance increased by about a mile per day over the course of treatment. It would appear that thermal biofeedback and autogenic training are potentially promising therapies for persons with diabetes and peripheral vascular disease.
Association of Daily Home-Based Hot Water Bathing and Glycemic Control in Ambulatory Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. [2022]To clarify the relationship between daily hot water bathing (HWB) at home and glycemic control in middle-aged and elderly ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
The effect of hot-tub therapy on serum Hsp70 level and its benefit on diabetic rats: a preliminary report. [2022]To carry out a preliminary study examining the efficacy of long-term hot-tub therapy (HTT) in the improvement of diabetic complications on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Heat therapy shows benefit in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [2022]Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common health condition which prevalence increases with age. Besides lifestyle modifications, passive heating could be a promising intervention to improve glycemic control. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of passive heat therapy on glycemic and cardiovascular parameters, and body weight among patients with T2DM.
The effect of heat therapy on blood pressure and peripheral vascular function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. [2022]What is the topic of this review? We have conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the current evidence for the effect of heat therapy on blood pressure and vascular function. What advances does it highlight? We found that heat therapy reduced mean arterial, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. We also observed that heat therapy improved vascular function, as assessed via brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation. Our results suggest that heat therapy is a promising therapeutic tool that should be optimized further, via mode and dose, for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease risk factors.
The impact of heat therapy on neuromuscular function and muscle atrophy in diabetic rats. [2023]Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease worldwide and is associated with many systemic complications. Muscle atrophy is one of the significant complications in DM patients, making routine tasks laborious as atrophy continues. It is known that heat stress stimulates heat shock proteins and other proteins that maintain muscle mass; however, it is not thoroughly studied in diabetic conditions. This study addressed whether heat therapy can attenuate muscle atrophy in STZ-induced diabetic rats and explored its mechanism of action on specific muscle proteins. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into short-term (3 weeks) and long-term (6 weeks) experiments. In each experiment rats were divided into control, heat therapy, diabetic and diabetic + heat therapy groups. Rats in heat therapy groups were exposed to heat therapy for 30 min daily for three or six weeks in a temperature-controlled (42°C) chamber. Results: The attenuation of neuromuscular functions assessed by Rotarod, Kondziella's inverted screen, and extensor postural thrust tests showed that diabetic rats exposed to heat therapy performed significantly better than diabetic controls. Muscle cross sectional area data established that heat therapy reduced muscle atrophy by 34.3% within 3 weeks and 44.1% within 6 weeks in the diabetic groups. Further, heat therapy significantly decreased muscle atrophy markers (CD68, KLF, and MAFbx) and significantly elevated muscle hypertrophy markers (AKT, mTOR, and HSP70). Conclusions: This study shows the relevance and clinical significance of utilizing heat therapy as a viable treatment to attenuate muscle atrophy in diabetic patients.
Timing of acute passive heating on glucose tolerance and blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, balanced crossover, control trial. [2021]Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and progressive insulin resistance, leading to macro and microvascular dysfunction. Passive heating has potential to improve glucose homeostasis and act as an exercise mimetic. We assessed the effect of acute passive heating before or during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in people with T2DM. Twelve people with T2DM were randomly assigned to the following three conditions: 1) 3-h OGTT (control), 2) 1-h passive heating (40°C water) 30 min before an OGTT (HOT-OGTT), and 3) 1-h passive heating (40°C water) 30 min after commencing an OGTT (OGTT-HOT). Blood glucose concentration, insulin sensitivity, extracellular heat shock protein 70 (eHSP70), total energy expenditure (TEE), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded. Passive heating did not alter blood glucose concentration [control: 1,677 (386) arbitrary units (AU), HOT-OGTT: 1,797 (340) AU, and OGTT-HOT: 1,662 (364) AU, P = 0.28], insulin sensitivity (P = 0.15), or SBP (P = 0.18) but did increase eHSP70 concentration in both heating conditions [control: 203.48 (110.81) pg·mL-1; HOT-OGTT: 402.47 (79.02) pg·mL-1; and OGTT-HOT: 310.00 (60.53) pg·mL-1, P < 0.001], increased TEE (via fat oxidation) in the OGTT-HOT condition [control: 263 (33) kcal, HOT-OGTT: 278 (40) kcal, and OGTT-HOT: 304 (38) kcal, P = 0.001], increased HR in both heating conditions (P < 0.001), and reduced DBP in the OGTT-HOT condition (P < 0.01). Passive heating in close proximity to a glucose challenge does not alter glucose tolerance but does increase eHSP70 concentration and TEE and reduce blood pressure in people with T2DM.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to investigate the timing of acute passive heating on glucose tolerance and extracellular heat shock protein 70 concentration ([eHSP70]) in people with type 2 diabetes. The principal novel findings from this study were that both passive heating conditions: 1) did not reduce the area under the curve or peak blood glucose concentration, 2) elevated heart rate, and 3) increased [eHSP70], which was blunted by glucose ingestion, while passive heating following glucose ingestion, 4) increased total energy expenditure, and 5) reduced diastolic blood pressure.