~2 spots leftby Jan 2026

Kappa CD28 T Cells for Leukemia

(CHARKALL Trial)

Recruiting in Palo Alto (17 mi)
+1 other location
CR
Overseen byCarlos Ramos, MD
Age: 18+
Sex: Any
Travel: May Be Covered
Time Reimbursement: Varies
Trial Phase: Phase 1
Recruiting
Sponsor: Baylor College of Medicine
Must not be taking: Investigational agents
Disqualifiers: Active infection, Autoimmune disease, Cardiac disease, others
No Placebo Group

Trial Summary

What is the purpose of this trial?

Patients have a type of cancer called NHL, Multiple Myeloma (MM) or CLL that has come back or has not gone away after treatment. There is no standard treatment for the cancer at this time or the currently used treatments do not work completely in all cases like these. This is a gene transfer research study using special immune cells. The body has different ways of fighting infection and disease. No single way seems perfect for fighting cancers. This research study combines two different ways of fighting disease, antibodies and T cells, that investigators hope will work together. Antibodies are types of proteins that protect the body from bacterial and other diseases. T cells, also called T lymphocytes, are special infection-fighting blood cells that can kill other cells, including tumor cells. Both antibodies and T cells have been used to treat patients with cancers; they have shown promise, but have not been strong enough to cure most patients. The antibody used in this study recognizes a protein on the lymphoma, MM or CLL cells called kappa immunoglobulin. Antibodies can stick to lymphoma, MM or CLL cells when it recognizes the kappa molecules present on the tumor cells. For this study, the kappa antibody has been changed so that instead of floating free in the blood it is now joined to the T cells. When an antibody is joined to a T cell in this way it is called a chimeric receptor. These chimeric receptor-T cells seem to kill some of the tumor, but they don't last very long and so their chances of fighting the cancer are limited. In the laboratory, investigators found that T cells work better if they also add a protein that stimulates T cells to grow called CD28. By joining the anti-kappa antibody to the T cells and adding the CD28, the investigators expect to be able to make cells that will last for a longer time in the body (because of the presence of the CD28). They are hoping this will make the cells work better. Previously, when patients enrolled on this study, they were assigned to one of three different doses of the kappa-CD28 T cells. We found that all three dose levels are safe. Now, the plan is to give patients the highest dose that we tested. These chimeric T cells (kappa-CD28) are an investigational product not approved by the FDA.

Will I have to stop taking my current medications?

The trial protocol does not specify if you need to stop taking your current medications. However, it mentions that PD1/PDL1 inhibitors are allowed if medically indicated, suggesting some medications might be permitted.

What data supports the effectiveness of the treatment Kappa CD28 T cells for leukemia?

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, similar to Kappa CD28 T cells, have shown promise in treating various types of leukemia, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). For instance, CAR T-cells targeting CD19 have led to complete remission in some patients with ALL, and anti-CD123 CAR T-cells have been effective against AML cells.12345

Is Kappa CD28 T cell therapy generally safe for humans?

CAR T cell therapy, which includes Kappa CD28 T cells, has shown effectiveness in treating certain leukemias, but it can cause serious side effects like cytokine release syndrome (a severe immune reaction) and neurotoxicity (nerve damage). Researchers are working on strategies to reduce these risks and improve safety.678910

How is the Kappa CD28 T cells treatment different from other leukemia treatments?

Kappa CD28 T cells are a type of CAR T-cell therapy that includes a CD28 signaling domain, which enhances the T cells' ability to resist suppression by regulatory T cells, potentially making them more effective against leukemia compared to other treatments that do not have this feature.1351112

Research Team

CR

Carlos Ramos, MD

Principal Investigator

Baylor College of Medicine - Texas Children's Hospital

Eligibility Criteria

This trial is for patients with certain blood cancers (NHL, MM, CLL) that have relapsed or are treatment-resistant. Participants must be recovered from prior chemotherapy effects, not HIV positive, and willing to use effective birth control. They should have a life expectancy of at least 12 weeks and no recent history of other cancers or active infections.

Inclusion Criteria

My Coombs test is negative and I have CLL.
My cancer is a type of B-cell cancer or multiple myeloma with Kappa-light chain.
I have no cancer history in the last 2 years, except for certain skin, breast, or cervix cancers.
See 15 more

Exclusion Criteria

My tumor is located where it could block my airway if it grows.
You have an autoimmune disease that is currently causing symptoms or needing treatment.
I am currently taking antibiotics for an infection.
See 3 more

Trial Timeline

Screening

Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial

2-4 weeks

Pre-treatment

Patients may receive cyclophosphamide and fludarabine to decrease T cell levels before infusion

1 week

Treatment

Patients receive an infusion of kappa-CD28 T cells at least 24 hours after chemotherapy

1 day
1 visit (in-person)

Evaluation

Patients are evaluated for response to treatment through radiological studies, physical exam, and/or symptoms

4-6 weeks

Follow-up

Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after treatment

6 weeks

Long-term follow-up

Participants are followed for long-term side effects of gene transfer

15 years

Treatment Details

Interventions

  • Kappa CD28 T cells (CAR T-cell Therapy)
Trial OverviewThe study tests kappa-CD28 T cells designed to fight cancer by combining antibodies with T lymphocytes. The highest safe dose found in earlier phases will be used. These engineered T cells carry an antibody that targets cancer cells and a protein (CD28) expected to enhance their longevity and effectiveness.
Participant Groups
3Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Group I: Kappa CD28 T cells for myelomaExperimental Treatment1 Intervention
T cells will be infused at least 24 hours after chemotherapy. Three dose levels will be evaluated. Cohorts of size 2 will be enrolled at each dose level. Each patient will receive one injection 2-30 mL of each dose over 1 to 20 minutes.
Group II: Kappa CD28 T cells for B-cell lymphomaExperimental Treatment1 Intervention
T cells will be infused at least 24 hours after chemotherapy. Three dose levels will be evaluated. Cohorts of size 2 will be enrolled at each dose level. Each patient will receive one injection 2-30 mL of each dose over 1 to 20 minutes.
Group III: Kappa CD28 T cells for B-CLLExperimental Treatment1 Intervention
T cells will be infused at least 24 hours after chemotherapy. Three dose levels will be evaluated. Cohorts of size 2 will be enrolled at each dose level. Each patient will receive one injection 2-30 mL of each dose over 1 to 20 minutes.

Find a Clinic Near You

Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?

Baylor College of Medicine

Lead Sponsor

Trials
1,044
Recruited
6,031,000+
Paul Klotman profile image

Paul Klotman

Baylor College of Medicine

Chief Executive Officer since 2010

MD, PhD

James Versalovic profile image

James Versalovic

Baylor College of Medicine

Chief Medical Officer since 2020

MD from Baylor College of Medicine

The Methodist Hospital Research Institute

Collaborator

Trials
299
Recruited
82,500+

Dr. John P. Cooke

The Methodist Hospital Research Institute

Chief Medical Officer since 2013

MD, PhD

Dr. Jenny Chang profile image

Dr. Jenny Chang

The Methodist Hospital Research Institute

Chief Executive Officer

MBBChir from University of Cambridge, MHCM from Johns Hopkins University

Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine

Collaborator

Trials
114
Recruited
2,900+

Dr. Helen E. Heslop

Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine

Chief Executive Officer since 2017

M.D. from University of Otago, New Zealand

Dr. Chrystal U. Louis

Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine

Chief Medical Officer since 2024

M.D. from Tulane University School of Medicine

Findings from Research

CAR-modified T cells, specifically those expressing anti-CD123, have shown effectiveness in treating Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) by eradicating AML cells.
This innovative immunotherapeutic approach highlights the potential of genetically modified T cells as a promising strategy in the development of AML treatments.
CD123 AML targeting by chimeric antigen receptors: A novel magic bullet for AML therapeutics?Tettamanti, S., Biondi, A., Biagi, E., et al.[2022]
CAR T-cell therapy shows promise in improving outcomes for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a condition with historically poor prognosis.
A significant challenge for the effectiveness of CAR T-cell therapy in AML is the identification of specific target antigens on leukemia cells, as well as the risk of immune escape due to changes in these antigens and a suppressive tumor environment.
Current challenges for CAR T-cell therapy of acute myeloid leukemia.Sauer, T., Rooney, CM.[2020]
In a phase I trial involving 12 younger patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the use of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CD19 and CD22 showed manageable toxicity levels.
Out of the 12 patients, 5 achieved complete responses, indicating promising efficacy of this treatment approach in this challenging patient population.
Targeting CD19-CD22 Aids Younger Patients with ALL.[2021]

References

Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for acute lymphoid leukemia. [2023]
CD123 AML targeting by chimeric antigen receptors: A novel magic bullet for AML therapeutics? [2022]
Current challenges for CAR T-cell therapy of acute myeloid leukemia. [2020]
Targeting CD19-CD22 Aids Younger Patients with ALL. [2021]
Employing Synthetic T-cell Biology to Target AML without On-Target/Off-Cancer Toxicity. [2023]
First-in-man clinical trial of CAR NK-92 cells: safety test of CD33-CAR NK-92 cells in patients with relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia. [2021]
Adult peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood NK cells are good sources for effective CAR therapy against CD19 positive leukemic cells. [2021]
Next generation chimeric antigen receptor T cells: safety strategies to overcome toxicity. [2020]
Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Clinical Practice. [2018]
Cancer CARtography: charting out a new approach to cancer immunotherapy. [2021]
Addition of the CD28 signaling domain to chimeric T-cell receptors enhances chimeric T-cell resistance to T regulatory cells. [2022]
[Treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia with CD19-specific modified chimeric antigen receptor T cells]. [2018]