Ketone Monoester for Hormonal Imbalance After Resistance Training
Recruiting in Palo Alto (17 mi)
Overseen byTyler Churchward-Venne, PhD
Age: 18 - 65
Sex: Male
Travel: May Be Covered
Time Reimbursement: Varies
Trial Phase: Academic
Recruiting
Sponsor: McGill University
Must not be taking: Corticosteroids, Hormone replacement therapy
Disqualifiers: Diabetes, Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Immune, others
Trial Summary
What is the purpose of this trial?This study investigates how orally ingested exogenous ketone monoester supplements affect circulating hormone concentrations in healthy young adult males after a single session of resistance exercise. Resistance exercise is known to stimulate an acute increase in the circulating concentration of various hormones that are involved in the regulation of muscle mass, including testosterone, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
Recently, there has been growing interest in how nutritional supplements impact these natural hormone responses at rest. One such intervention is the oral ingestion of exogenous ketone body supplements. Ketone bodies (i.e., β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), acetoacetate (AcAc), and acetone) are naturally occurring compounds that are normally produced by the body during prolonged fasting/starvation, or in response to a "ketogenic" diet (a diet very high in fat and very low in carbohydrates). These ketone body supplements taken in the form of a ketone monoester can quickly raise blood ketone levels without needing to change your diet.
Recent research has shown that the ingestion of exogenous ketone supplements or following a 'ketogenic diet' can alter the concentration of certain hormones measured in blood samples at rest. However, the effects of ketone monoester intake on the exercise-induced elevation in circulating hormones is yet to be explored.
Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how elevated β-HB, induced via the ingestion of the ketone monoester (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, affects blood concentrations of various anabolic hormones, during post-exercise recovery in healthy young adult males, compared to a placebo drink (flavoured water).
Will I have to stop taking my current medications?
The trial requires that you have maintained stable use of your current medications and supplements for the last 3 months and continue to do so throughout the study, as long as they are not excluded by the trial's criteria.
What evidence supports the effectiveness of the drug (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate for hormonal imbalance after resistance training?
The research suggests that resistance training can increase levels of certain hormones like testosterone, which are important for muscle growth and energy. While the specific drug (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate isn't directly studied, similar treatments that affect hormone levels have shown benefits in muscle growth and energy regulation.
12345Is (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate safe for humans?
Research shows that (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone monoester, is generally safe for humans, with some mild stomach-related side effects reported at high doses. It is well-tolerated when used to raise blood ketone levels.
678910How does the drug (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate differ from other treatments for hormonal imbalance after resistance training?
This drug is unique because it elevates blood ketone levels quickly and safely without the need for a ketogenic diet, which can be inconvenient. It also increases post-exercise erythropoietin (a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production) levels, which is not a common effect of other treatments for hormonal imbalance after resistance training.
67111213Eligibility Criteria
This trial is for healthy young adult males interested in how a ketone monoester supplement might affect their hormone levels after resistance exercise. Participants should be regularly involved in resistance training and not currently taking any hormonal supplements.Inclusion Criteria
Willing and able to agree to the requirements and restrictions of this study, be willing to give voluntary consent, be able to understand and read the questionnaires, and carry out all study-related procedures
BMI >18.5 and <30.0 kg/m2
Recreationally active (at least 150 minutes of activity/week)
+3 more
Exclusion Criteria
Individuals with metabolic disorders including Type I or Type II diabetes
I have a history of blood clots or heart disease.
I have an injury to my knee, such as an ACL tear.
+5 more
Trial Timeline
Screening
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial
1 visit
1 visit (in-person)
10-RM Testing
Participants' 10-repetition maximum (10-RM) will be determined for each exercise machine used
1 visit
1 visit (in-person)
Experimental Trial Phase 1
Participants perform a lower-body resistance exercise session and receive either the ketone monoester or placebo drink
1 visit
1 visit (in-person)
Washout Period
A minimum 7-day washout period between experimental trial phases
7 days
Experimental Trial Phase 2
Participants perform a second lower-body resistance exercise session with the alternate treatment (ketone monoester or placebo)
1 visit
1 visit (in-person)
Follow-up
Participants are monitored for changes in hormone concentrations post-exercise
4 hours
13 timepoints for blood sampling
Participant Groups
The study is testing the impact of a ketone monoester drink on post-exercise hormone levels, like testosterone and growth hormone, compared to a placebo. It aims to see if this supplement can alter the body's natural hormonal response to resistance training.
2Treatment groups
Active Control
Placebo Group
Group I: Ketone Monoester (KET)Active Control2 Interventions
Ketone monoester supplement: (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate dosed based on participants' body weight (0.36g/kg body weight).
The nutritional beverage will be consumed twice: 30 minutes prior to the exercise workout (t = -60 min) and immediately following the completion of the exercise protocol (t = 0 min).
Group II: Placebo drinkPlacebo Group2 Interventions
Flavoured water. Participants will consume this beverage twice: 30 minutes prior to the exercise workout (t = -60 min) and immediately following the completion of the exercise protocol (t = 0 min).
Find a Clinic Near You
Research Locations NearbySelect from list below to view details:
McGill UniversityMontreal, Canada
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Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
McGill UniversityLead Sponsor
References
Increased Muscular 5α-Dihydrotestosterone in Response to Resistance Training Relates to Skeletal Muscle Mass and Glucose Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. [2018]Regular resistance exercise induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy and improvement of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Administration of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a sex steroid hormone precursor, increases 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) synthesis and is associated with improvements in fasting blood glucose level and skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether increase in muscle DHT levels, induced by chronic resistance exercise, can contribute to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and concomitant improvement of muscular glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. Male 20-week-old type 2 diabetic rats (OLETF) were randomly divided into 3 groups: sedentary control, resistance training (3 times a week on alternate days for 8 weeks), or resistance training with continuous infusion of a 5α-reductase inhibitor (n = 8 each group). Age-matched, healthy nondiabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats (n = 8) were used as controls. The results indicated that OLETF rats showed significant decrease in muscular DHEA, free testosterone, DHT levels, and protein expression of steroidogenic enzymes, with loss of skeletal muscle mass and hyperglycemia, compared to that of LETO rats. However, 8-week resistance training in OLETF rats significantly increased the levels of muscle sex steroid hormones and protein expression of steroidogenic enzymes with a concomitant increase in skeletal muscle mass, improved fasting glucose level, and insulin sensitivity index. Moreover, resistance training accelerated glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) translocation and protein kinase B and C-ζ/λ phosphorylation. Administering the 5α-reductase inhibitor in resistance-trained OLETF rats resulted in suppression of the exercise-induced effects on skeletal muscle mass, fasting glucose level, insulin sensitivity index, and GLUT-4 signaling, with a decline in muscular DHT levels. These findings suggest that resistance training-induced elevation of muscular DHT levels may contribute to improvement of hyperglycemia and skeletal muscle hypertrophy in type 2 diabetic rats.
Hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance exercise and training. [2022]Resistance exercise has been shown to elicit a significant acute hormonal response. It appears that this acute response is more critical to tissue growth and remodelling than chronic changes in resting hormonal concentrations, as many studies have not shown a significant change during resistance training despite increases in muscle strength and hypertrophy. Anabolic hormones such as testosterone and the superfamily of growth hormones (GH) have been shown to be elevated during 15-30 minutes of post-resistance exercise providing an adequate stimulus is present. Protocols high in volume, moderate to high in intensity, using short rest intervals and stressing a large muscle mass, tend to produce the greatest acute hormonal elevations (e.g. testosterone, GH and the catabolic hormone cortisol) compared with low-volume, high-intensity protocols using long rest intervals. Other anabolic hormones such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are critical to skeletal muscle growth. Insulin is regulated by blood glucose and amino acid levels. However, circulating IGF-1 elevations have been reported following resistance exercise presumably in response to GH-stimulated hepatic secretion. Recent evidence indicates that muscle isoforms of IGF-1 may play a substantial role in tissue remodelling via up-regulation by mechanical signalling (i.e. increased gene expression resulting from stretch and tension to the muscle cytoskeleton leading to greater protein synthesis rates). Acute elevations in catecholamines are critical to optimal force production and energy liberation during resistance exercise. More recent research has shown the importance of acute hormonal elevations and mechanical stimuli for subsequent up- and down-regulation of cytoplasmic steroid receptors needed to mediate the hormonal effects. Other factors such as nutrition, overtraining, detraining and circadian patterns of hormone secretion are critical to examining the hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance training.
Analysis of the nutritional supplement 1AD, its metabolites, and related endogenous hormones in biological matrices using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. [2019]1,5alpha-Androsten-3beta,17beta-diol and/or 1,5alpha-androsten-3,17-dione (1AD) is an over-the-counter pro-hormone nutritional supplement designed to enhance strength and performance in athletes. 1AD purportedly mimics the pharmacological activity of testosterone through activation of the pro-hormones to their active form 1,5alpha-androsten-17beta-ol-3-one or Delta(1)-testosterone. This testosterone analogue ostensibly possesses strong androgenic potency without the adverse effects associated with aromatization of testosterone to estrogens. We have developed a highly sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous determination of 1AD, its analogues, and several structurally related endogenous hormones in plasma and urine. The limits of quantitation for the analytes ranged from 0.25 to 0.5 ng/mL. The accuracy of the assay was 92-113% with a precision of 2-12% relative standard deviation (RSD) for all analytes at 1.0, 5.0, and 15.0 ng/mL, respectively. The interassay precision was 6-16% RSD, and the accuracy was 90-105%. We have used this assay to determine the unconjugated and total (conjugated and unconjugated) concentrations of 1AD, its analogues, androstenediol, androstenedione, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol, in plasma and urine, as well as to investigate the metabolic fate of the three 1AD analogues (diol, dione, and active forms) when incubated with rat liver microsomes or rat testicular homogenates. Concentrations of both unconjugated and total testosterone in plasma were approximately 1.5 ng/mL and ranged from undetectable to 4.1 ng/mL in urine. 1AD and its analogues were not detected in plasma or urine. In vitro metabolism experiments using rat liver microsomes and testicular homogenates provided evidence for the interconversion of the three 1AD analogues, biosynthesis, and decomposition of several endogenous hormones, as well as evidence for 1AD analogue-induced changes in the typical profiles of testosterone and androstenedione in testicular tissue.
Resistance training increases SHBG in overweight/obese, young men. [2021]Evidence suggests that SHBG affects glycemic control, predicts both T2D and metabolic syndrome, and is low in obese subjects. We sought to determine if resistance exercise training (RT) can increase sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and ameliorate levels of related steroid hormones in overweight/obese, sedentary young men.
Development of mass spectrometry-based methods for the detection of 11-ketotestosterone and 11-ketodihydrotestosterone. [2023]The anabolic properties of 11-hydroxyandrostenedione (OHA4) and its physiologically active metabolites 11-ketotestosterone (KT) and 11-ketodihydrotestosterone (KDHT) have been discussed in several recent publications. Especially KT has become readily available via internet-based providers. No doping control methods for the detection of KT or KDHT exist, neither on the initial testing procedure level nor as confirmatory assay. Probing for the misuse of adrenosterone, the prohormone of OHA4, has already been addressed, and the suggested marker for its misuse was mainly the urinary concentration of 11-hydroxyandrosterone (OHA). In addition, for confirmation purposes, the carbon isotope ratios (CIR) were taken into consideration. The urinary concentration of OHA is highly variable, and the endogenous dilution after exogenous administration may therefore be considerable; hence, described approaches resulted in short detection times. In this study, the human metabolism of KT was investigated in order to provide additional means for the detection of KT and its prohormone OHA4. Two volunteers (one female and one male) orally administered 20 mg of KT each, and urine samples were collected for 5 days. Urinary concentrations of KT and its metabolites were investigated, and a reference population encompassing 220 male and female athletes was investigated in order to elucidate preliminary thresholds. As confirmation procedure, an isotope ratio mass spectrometry-based method was developed in order to determine the CIR of KT and relevant metabolites. The developed methods enabled the detection of exogenous KT for more than 20 h after a single oral administration, which is comparable to a single oral testosterone administration.
Kinetics, safety and tolerability of (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate in healthy adult subjects. [2022]Induction of mild states of hyperketonemia may improve physical and cognitive performance. In this study, we determined the kinetic parameters, safety and tolerability of (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone monoester administered in the form of a meal replacement drink to healthy human volunteers. Plasma levels of β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were elevated following administration of a single dose of the ketone monoester, whether at 140, 357, or 714 mg/kg body weight, while the intact ester was not detected. Maximum plasma levels of ketones were attained within 1-2h, reaching 3.30 mM and 1.19 mM for β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate, respectively, at the highest dose tested. The elimination half-life ranged from 0.8-3.1h for β-hydroxybutyrate and 8-14 h for acetoacetate. The ketone monoester was also administered at 140, 357, and 714 mg/kg body weight, three times daily, over 5 days (equivalent to 0.42, 1.07, and 2.14 g/kg/d). The ketone ester was generally well-tolerated, although some gastrointestinal effects were reported, when large volumes of milk-based drink were consumed, at the highest ketone monoester dose. Together, these results suggest ingestion of (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is a safe and simple method to elevate blood ketone levels, compared with the inconvenience of preparing and consuming a ketogenic diet.
Effects of β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate Free Acid Ingestion and Resistance Exercise on the Acute Endocrine Response. [2020]Objective. To examine the endocrine response to a bout of heavy resistance exercise following acute β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate free acid (HMB-FA) ingestion. Design. Twenty resistance trained men were randomized and consumed either 1 g of HMB-FA (BetaTor) or placebo (PL) 30 min prior to performing an acute heavy resistance exercise protocol. Blood was obtained before (PRE), immediately after (IP), and 30 min after exercise (30P). Circulating concentrations of testosterone, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and insulin were assayed. Data were analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA and area under the curve (AUC) was analyzed by the trapezoidal rule. Results. The resistance exercise protocol resulted in significant elevations from PRE in testosterone (P
Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate ingestion, part II: effects on hematology, hepatic and renal function. [2019]The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of differing amounts of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), 0, 36, and 76 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), on hematology, hepatic and renal function during 8 wk of resistance training.
Effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation during resistance training on strength, body composition, and muscle damage in trained and untrained young men: a meta-analysis. [2016]Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a popular supplement in the resistance training community, with its use supported by claims of increased strength, muscle growth, and improved recovery; however, research outcomes are variable. Therefore, we meta-analyzed the effectiveness of HMB on strength, body composition, and muscle damage. Nine qualifying studies yielded 14 comparisons subcategorized by training experience (trained, untrained) to provide 12-13 estimates of strength (upper body, lower body, overall average), 13 estimates of fat and fat-free mass, and 7 estimates of the muscle-damage marker creatine kinase. The meta-analysis comprised 394 subjects (age 23 +/- 2 years, mean +/- between-study SD) with 5 +/- 2 weeks' intervention and 5 +/- 6 h.wk of training. The estimates were analyzed using a meta-analytic mixed model with study sample size as the weighting factor that included the main-effect covariates to control for between-study differences in HMB dose, intervention duration, training load, and dietary cointervention. To interpret magnitudes, meta-analyzed effects were standardized using the composite baseline between-subject SD and were qualified using modified Cohen effect size thresholds. There were small benefits to lower-body (mean +/- 90% confidence limit: 9.9% +/- 5.9%) and average strength (6.6 +/- 5.7%), but only negligible gains for upper-body strength (2.1 +/- 5.5%) were observed in untrained lifters. In trained lifters, all strength outcomes were trivial. Combined (all studies), the overall average strength increase was trivial (3.7 +/- 2.4%), although uncertainty allows for a small benefit. Effects on fat and fat-free mass were trivial, and results regarding creatine kinase were unclear. Supplementation with HMB during resistance training incurs small but clear overall and leg strength gains in previously untrained men, but effects in trained lifters are trivial. The HMB effect on body composition is inconsequential. An explanation for strength gains in previously untrained lifters requires further research.
Tolerability and Acceptability of an Exogenous Ketone Monoester and Ketone Monoester/Salt Formulation in Humans. [2023]Exogenous ketone ester and ketone ester mixed with ketone free acid formulations are rapidly entering the commercial marketspace. Short-term animal and human studies using these products suggest significant potential for primary or secondary prevention of a number of chronic disease conditions. However, a number of questions need to be addressed by the field for optimal use in humans, including variable responses among available exogenous ketones at different dosages; frequency of dosing; and their tolerability, acceptability, and efficacy in long-term clinical trials. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the tolerability, acceptability, and circulating R-beta-hydroxybutyrate (R-βHB) and glucose responses to a ketone monoester (KME) and ketone monoester/salt (KMES) combination at 5 g and 10 g total R-βHB compared with placebo control (PC). Fourteen healthy young adults (age: 21 ± 2 years, weight: 69.7 ± 14.2 kg, percent fat: 28.1 ± 9.3%) completed each of the five study conditions: placebo control (PC), 5 g KME (KME5), 10 g KME (KME10), 5 g (KMES5), and 10 g KMES (KMES10) in a randomized crossover fashion. Circulating concentrations of R-βHB were measured at baseline (time 0) following an 8-12 h overnight fast and again at 15, 30, 60, and 120 min following drink ingestion. Participants also reported acceptability and tolerability during each condition. Concentrations of R-βHB rose to 2.4 ± 0.1 mM for KME10 after 15 min, whereas KMES10 similarly peaked (2.1 ± 0.1 mM) but at 30 min. KME5 and KMES5 achieved similar peak R-βHB concentrations (1.2 ± 0.7 vs. 1.1 ± 0.5 mM) at 15 min. Circulating R-βHB concentrations were similar to baseline for each condition by 120 min. Negative correlations were observed between R-βHB and glucose at the 30 min time point for each condition except KME10 and PC. Tolerability was similar among KME and KMES, although decreases in appetite were more frequently reported for KMES. Acceptability was slightly higher for KMES due to the more frequently reported aftertaste for KME. The results of this pilot investigation illustrate that the KME and KMES products used increase circulating R-βHB concentrations to a similar extent and time course in a dose-dependent fashion with slight differences in tolerability and acceptability. Future studies are needed to examine variable doses, frequency, and timing of exogenous ketone administration for individuals seeking to consume ketone products for health- or sport performance-related purposes.
Ketone monoester ingestion increases postexercise serum erythropoietin concentrations in healthy men. [2023]Intravenous ketone body infusion can increase erythropoietin (EPO) concentrations, but responses to ketone monoester ingestion postexercise are currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of ketone monoester ingestion on postexercise erythropoietin (EPO) concentrations. Nine healthy men completed two trials in a randomized, crossover design (1-wk washout). During trials, participants performed 1 h of cycling (initially alternating between 50% and 90% of maximal aerobic capacity for 2 min each interval, and then 50% and 80%, and 50% and 70% when the higher intensity was unsustainable). Participants ingested 0.8 g·kg-1 sucrose with 0.4 g·kg-1 protein immediately after exercise, and at 1, 2, and 3 h postexercise. During the control trial (CONTROL), no further nutrition was provided, whereas on the ketone monoester trial (KETONE), participants also ingested 0.29 g·kg-1 of the ketone monoester (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate immediately postexercise and at 1 and 2 h postexercise. Blood was sampled immediately postexercise, every 15 min in the first hour and hourly thereafter for 4 h. Serum EPO concentrations increased to a greater extent in KETONE than in CONTROL (time × condition interaction: P = 0.046). Peak serum EPO concentrations were higher with KETONE (means ± SD: 9.0 ± 2.3 IU·L-1) compared with CONTROL (7.5 ± 1.5 IU·L-1, P < 0.01). Serum β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were also higher, and glucose concentrations lower, with KETONE versus CONTROL (both P < 0.01). In conclusion, ketone monoester ingestion increases postexercise erythropoietin concentrations, revealing a new avenue for orally ingestible ketone monoesters to potentially alter hemoglobin mass.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To our knowledge, this study was the first to assess the effects of ketone monoester ingestion on erythropoietin concentrations after exercise. We demonstrated that ingestion of a ketone monoester postexercise increased serum erythropoietin concentrations and reduced serum glucose concentrations in healthy men. These data reveal the possibility for ketone monoesters to alter hemoglobin mass.
Why a d-β-hydroxybutyrate monoester? [2020]Much of the world's prominent and burdensome chronic diseases, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's, and heart disease, are caused by impaired metabolism. By acting as both an efficient fuel and a powerful signalling molecule, the natural ketone body, d-β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), may help circumvent the metabolic malfunctions that aggravate some diseases. Historically, dietary interventions that elevate βHB production by the liver, such as high-fat diets and partial starvation, have been used to treat chronic disease with varying degrees of success, owing to the potential downsides of such diets. The recent development of an ingestible βHB monoester provides a new tool to quickly and accurately raise blood ketone concentration, opening a myriad of potential health applications. The βHB monoester is a salt-free βHB precursor that yields only the biologically active d-isoform of the metabolite, the pharmacokinetics of which have been studied, as has safety for human consumption in athletes and healthy volunteers. This review describes fundamental concepts of endogenous and exogenous ketone body metabolism, the differences between the βHB monoester and other exogenous ketones and summarises the disease-specific biochemical and physiological rationales behind its clinical use in diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, heart failure, sepsis related muscle atrophy, migraine, and epilepsy. We also address the limitations of using the βHB monoester as an adjunctive nutritional therapy and areas of uncertainty that could guide future research.
Ketone Monoester Supplementation Does Not Expedite the Recovery of Indices of Muscle Damage After Eccentric Exercise. [2020]Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a ketone monoester supplement on indices of muscle damage during recovery after eccentric exercise. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, independent group design, 20 moderately active healthy young adults consumed 360 mg per kg-1 bodyweight of a ketone monoester (KET) or energy-matched carbohydrate (CON) supplement twice daily following eccentric exercise (drop jumps). Maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) torque, counter-movement jump (CMJ) height, and muscle soreness were measured before (PRE), and immediately (POST), 24 h and 48 h post-exercise. Blood samples were collected for analysis of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB), creatine kinase (CK), and select pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Results: Peak blood β-OHB concentration after supplement intake was greater (P < 0.001) in KET (4.4 ± 0.8 mM) vs. CON (0.4 ± 0.3 mM). Exercise increased CK concentration at 24 h and 48 h vs. PRE (time: P < 0.001) with no difference between KET and CON. Exercise reduced MIVC (KET: -19.9 ± 14.6; CON: -22.6 ± 11.1%) and CMJ (KET: -11.0 ± 7.5; CON: -13.0 ± 8.7%) at POST relative PRE; however, there was no difference between KET and CON on the recovery of MIVC at 24 h (KET: -15.4 ± 20.4; CON: -18.7 ± 20.1%) or 48 h (KET: -7.2 ± 21.2; CON: -11.8 ± 20.2%), or CMJ at 24 h (KET: -9.2 ± 11.5; CON: -13.4 ± 10.8) or 48 h (KET: -12.5 ± 12.4; CON: -9.1 ± 11.7). Muscle soreness was increased during post-exercise recovery (time: P < 0.001) with no differences between KET and CON. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was greater (group: P = 0.007) in CON (236 ± 11 pg/mL) vs. KET (187 ± 11 pg/mL). Conclusion: In conclusion, twice daily ingestion of a ketone monoester supplement that acutely elevates blood β-OHB concentration does not enhance the recovery of muscle performance or reduce muscle soreness following eccentric exercise in moderately active, healthy young adults.