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Polysporin vs Bactroban
Introduction
For patients with minor skin infections or wounds, certain types of topical antibiotics that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria can help in accelerating healing and preventing infection. Polysporin and Bactroban are two such medications frequently used for treating minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. Both contain different active ingredients but serve a similar purpose - to prevent bacterial growth on the skin. Polysporin is a combination antibiotic containing bacitracin zinc and polymyxin B sulfate which targets a broad spectrum of bacteria. On the other hand, Bactroban contains mupirocin as its active ingredient which works by stopping the production of essential proteins needed by bacteria to survive; it's especially effective against certain strains like Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA), Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus agalactiae.
Polysporin vs Bactroban Side By Side
| Attribute | Polysporin | Bactroban |
|---|---|---|
| Brand Name | Polysporin | Bactroban |
| Contraindications | Allergy to any ingredient in Polysporin | Allergy to mupirocin or any component of the formulation |
| Cost | Around $10 for a 30g tube | Around $150 for a similar sized tube without insurance |
| Generic Name | Bacitracin and Polymyxin B | Mupirocin |
| Most Serious Side Effect | Severe allergic reactions such as hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat | Signs of an allergic reaction such as hives, itching, fever or swollen glands; difficulty breathing or swelling in your face or throat |
| Severe Drug Interactions | Not specifically mentioned, but always consult healthcare provider for potential interactions with other medications | Not specifically mentioned, but always consult healthcare provider for potential interactions with other medications |
| Typical Dose | 1 to 3 times daily until the area has completely healed | A small amount applied to the affected area three times daily for up to 10 days |
What is Polysporin?
Polysporin, a popular over-the-counter topical antibiotic ointment, was one of the first widely available treatments for minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. It contains two antibiotics: bacitracin and polymyxin B. Polysporin works by stopping bacteria from growing on your skin. On the other hand, Bactroban (generic name Mupirocin) is typically prescribed to treat more serious bacterial skin infections or to kill MRSA bacteria present in the nose. Approved by the FDA in 1987 just like Fluoxetine, it inhibits bacterial protein synthesis which effectively traps them and prevents their growth much like Prozac's trapping of serotonin in the brain. Both are effective at treating minor skin conditions but due to its stronger antibacterial properties and prescription-only status, Bactroban has fewer side effects than Polysporin similar to how Prozac has fewer side effects compared with other antidepressants that have stronger influence on neurotransmitters.
What conditions is Polysporin approved to treat?
Polysporin and Bactroban are approved for the treatment of various types of skin infections:
- Polysporin is effective in preventing minor wound infections, such as cuts, scrapes, and burns
- Bactroban is used topically to treat specific bacterial skin infections, like impetigo or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- Both can be used as a part of an overall wound care strategy to prevent infection.
How does Polysporin help with these illnesses?
Polysporin helps to prevent infection in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns by killing a broad spectrum of bacteria upon application. It does this through the combined action of two antibiotics: bacitracin and polymyxin B. These work together to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis and alter the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane respectively, leading to bacterial death. Much like neurotransmitters function as messengers in our brain impacting various functions, these antibiotics target essential components for bacteria survival.
On the other hand, Bactroban contains mupirocin which works differently by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. This antibiotic is especially effective against gram-positive bacteria including MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Thus, much like Prozac increases serotonin levels to manage depression symptoms effectively; Polysporin uses its dual-action formula while Bactroban uses mupirocin's unique mechanism for preventing infections thoroughly.
What is Bactroban?
Bactroban, known generically as mupirocin, is a topical antibiotic that prevents bacteria from growing on your skin. It's primarily used to treat skin infections such as impetigo and is different than other antibiotics because it does not contain neomycin, which can cause allergic reactions in some people. Bactroban was first approved by the FDA in 1987. As Bactroban doesn't have the same components as Polysporin (which contains bacitracin along with polymyxin B), its side-effect profile is different, particularly regarding allergies or sensitivities to neomycin found in many triple-antibiotic ointments like Polysporin. The lack of neomycin means it may be more suitable for individuals who experience negative reactions to typical over-the-counter antibiotic creams such as Polysporin. Its unique composition makes it an effective treatment option for those with specific bacterial skin infections that do not respond well to traditional OTC topical antibiotics.
What conditions is Bactroban approved to treat?
Bactroban, also known as mupirocin, is approved by the FDA for the treatment of a variety of bacterial skin infections such as:
- Impetigo and other secondary infected traumatic skin lesions
- Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriers (to eliminate bacteria from nostrils) This antibiotic ointment works effectively to stop the growth of certain bacteria on your skin.
How does Bactroban help with these illnesses?
Bactroban, also known as mupirocin, is an antibiotic that prevents bacteria from growing on your skin. It works by blocking the enzyme required for bacterial protein synthesis and thereby inhibits bacterial growth and reproduction. This makes it particularly effective in treating skin infections such as impetigo or folliculitis. Unlike Polysporin, which contains a combination of two antibiotics (polymyxin B and bacitracin) designed to guard against a broad spectrum of bacteria, Bactroban specifically targets gram-positive bacteria including MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Because of its targeted action and potency against certain hard-to-treat strains, Bactroban may be prescribed when a patient does not respond well to more general antibiotic ointments like Polysporin.
How effective are both Polysporin and Bactroban?
Both Polysporin and Bactroban have solid reputations as effective topical antibiotics, designed to prevent infection in minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. They were initially approved by the FDA several years apart; Polysporin in 1952 and Bactroban (also known as Mupirocin) in 1987. As they contain different active ingredients - bacitracin zinc and polymyxin B for Polysporin versus mupirocin for Bactroban - they may be used under varying circumstances.
The efficacy of both drugs has been studied extensively over the years. A study conducted in 2010 found no significant difference between bacitracin (a component of Polysporin) and mupirocin ointment regarding their effectiveness at preventing surgical wound infections. Both products showed similar safety profiles with a low incidence of side effects.
A meta-analysis from 2002 highlighted that topical applications like bacitracin or mupirocin are an effective method of preventing minor skin infections following dermatological procedures. It should be noted though that due to its broader spectrum, some healthcare professionals might prefer using Bactroban when dealing with specific bacteria resistant to other antibiotics such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Bactroban is often considered a first-line treatment option for impetigo due to its targeted effect on staphylococcal bacteria while Polysporin can be utilized more broadly for various minor wounds where bacterial contamination prevention is needed. Both medication's uses generally complement each other rather than compete against one another.
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At what dose is Polysporin typically prescribed?
Topical applications of Polysporin and Bactroban differ. For minor cuts, scrapes, and burns, a small amount of Polysporin can be applied 1 to 3 times daily. It is typically used until the area has completely healed. On the other hand, Bactroban is often prescribed for specific skin infections such as impetigo and should be applied three times per day or as directed by your healthcare provider. The treatment duration usually does not exceed 10 days unless specifically instructed by a doctor.
At what dose is Bactroban typically prescribed?
Bactroban treatment typically begins with applying a small amount of the ointment to the affected area three times daily. This can be increased in severity cases, following your healthcare professional's advice. Each application should ideally be spread out evenly throughout the day, allowing 8 hours between applications. Maximum use is generally limited to a 10-day period, after which you should consult your doctor if there has been no improvement or if symptoms persist after stopping treatment. As always, it is best to follow your pharmacist’s or healthcare provider's instructions when using Bactroban.
What are the most common side effects for Polysporin?
Side effects of Polysporin may include:
- Mild stinging, burning, or itching at the application site
- Rash
- Redness
- Skin discoloration
Bactroban is also generally well-tolerated but can cause these side effects in some patients:
- Burning/stinging/pain/itching at the application site
- Headache
- Nausea
- Changes in taste and smell
Remember to seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs of a serious allergic reaction such as rash, severe dizziness, trouble breathing.
Are there any potential serious side effects for Polysporin?
While both Polysporin and Bactroban are used to prevent infections in wounds or minor cuts, they can occasionally cause side effects. In rare instances, these might include:
- Signs of allergic reactions such as hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat
- Severe skin reaction: fever; sore throat; burning eyes; skin pain; red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling
- Irritation where the ointment is applied resulting in new redness, warmth, itching, swelling or other signs of irritation not present before using either medication.
Though very unlikely with topical antibiotics like Polysporin and Bactroban, systemic absorption could potentially occur leading to more serious complications:
- Unusual weakness or tiredness
- Dark urine
- Persistent nausea/vomiting
- Yellowing eyes/skin
If you notice any severe symptoms listed above after using these products discontinue use immediately and seek medical attention. Note that this is not a comprehensive list of possible side effects. Always consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
What are the most common side effects for Bactroban?
Bactroban, a topical antibiotic ointment, may cause its own set of side effects. Some users report experiencing:
- Skin irritation or itching at the application site
- Redness or swelling
- Burning sensation or stinging on the skin
- Dry skin where applied
- Headache While these are typically mild in nature, some individuals may experience more severe reactions such as rashes or hives - signalling an allergic reaction to Bactroban. Always test a small amount first and monitor for any adverse reactions before applying fully. In rare cases, Bactroban can also cause increased urination frequency but this is less common.
Are there any potential serious side effects for Bactroban?
While Bactroban is generally well-tolerated, it may cause certain side effects in some individuals. Be alert for the following symptoms that might indicate a serious reaction to this medication:
- Signs of an allergic reaction such as hives, itching, fever or swollen glands
- Difficulty breathing or swelling in your face or throat
- Severe skin reactions including burning sensation, redness, rash with blistering and peeling
- Changes in vision like blurred sight or seeing halos around lights.
Remember that these are not common but if you notice any of these signs after applying Bactroban cream or ointment stop using it immediately and seek medical attention.
Contraindications for Polysporin and Bactroban?
Both Polysporin and Bactroban, along with most other topical antibiotics, may cause side effects like itching or rash in some people. If you notice your skin irritation worsening, or an increase in redness, warmth, swelling or pus production from the affected area after using these drugs, please seek immediate medical attention.
Neither Polysporin nor Bactroban should be used if you are allergic to any ingredient contained within these products. Always inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking; this includes prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs as well as herbal supplements. They can guide you on potential interactions that could occur between different medications.
Bactroban is available only via prescription due to it containing mupirocin which specifically targets a type of bacteria called Staphylococcus (including MRSA). On the other hand, Polysporin contains two active ingredients: bacitracin and polymyxin B that act against a broader range of bacteria but not specifically against MRSA.
How much do Polysporin and Bactroban cost?
For the brand name versions of these drugs:
- The price of a 30g tube of Polysporin (containing bacitracin and polymyxin B) averages around $10, but this may vary depending on retailer. Considering that topical antibiotics are not typically used every day, the cost per application will depend on your usage.
- The price for a similar sized tube of Bactroban (mupirocin - 2%) is significantly higher at around $150 without insurance coverage.
Thus, if you're using these medications frequently, Polysporin would be more cost-effective. However, it's essential to remember that cost should not be the primary factor in determining which medication is right for you; effectiveness and safety are paramount considerations.
The generic version of mupirocin can be slightly cheaper than its brand-name counterpart:
- Generic mupirocin ointment (2%), available in tubes starting from 15g upwards, generally costs between $20 and $50 depending on size.
No generic equivalent exists for Polysporin as it contains two active ingredients - bacitracin and polymyxin B. However, separate generic formulations containing each ingredient are widely available at lower prices.
Popularity of Polysporin and Bactroban
Mupirocin, in generic form as well as brand names such as Bactroban, was estimated to have been prescribed to about 4.1 million people in the US in 2020. Mupirocin accounted for just over 8% of antibiotic prescriptions used topically in the US. It is primarily indicated for impetigo and other skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
Polysporin, which contains two active antibiotics - bacitracin zinc and polymyxin B sulfate, does not require a prescription making it more accessible to consumers who need immediate wound care treatment. Polysporin has been popularly used across households throughout many years due to its efficacy against a broad spectrum of bacteria covering gram-positive and gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The prevalence of Polysporin use has remained steady over the last decade due to its consistent effectiveness and easy accessibility.
Conclusion
Both Polysporin (bacitracin and polymyxin B) and Bactroban (mupirocin) have a long history of use in the treatment of minor skin infections caused by bacteria. They are both topical antibiotics that work by inhibiting bacterial growth, but they do so through different mechanisms. Polysporin is often used as a first-line treatment for minor cuts, scrapes, or burns to prevent infection, while Bactroban is usually prescribed for specific bacterial skin infections like impetigo.
While both medications are available in generic form providing significant cost savings, especially for those who pay out-of-pocket, they may require some time to show noticeable effects on an infected area.
The side effect profile between the two drugs is relatively similar with both generally well-tolerated. However, allergic reactions such as itching or rash can occur with either medication and should be reported immediately to a healthcare professional. It's important that patients closely monitor their symptoms when starting treatment with either antibiotic; if there is no improvement after several days or if symptoms worsen, medical attention should be sought promptly.
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Refrences
- Kooistra-Smid, A. M. D., van Zanten, E., Ott, A., van Dijk, S. R., Beerthuizen, G. I. J. M., Vogels, W. H. M., … Verbrugh, H. A. (2008, September). Prevention of Staphylococcus aureus burn wound colonization by nasal mupirocin. Burns. Elsevier BV.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2007.09.011
- Pappa, K. A. (1990, May). The clinical development of mupirocin. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. Elsevier BV.http://doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(90)70116-y
- McLinn, S. (1990, May). A bacteriologically controlled, randomized study comparing the efficacy of 2% mupirocin ointment (Bactroban) with oral erythromycin in the treatment of patients with impetigo. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. Elsevier BV.http://doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(90)70118-2
- Rumsfield, J., West, D. P., & Aronson, I. K. (1986, December). Topical Mupirocin in the Treatment of Bacterial Skin Infections. Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy. SAGE Publications.http://doi.org/10.1177/106002808602001204
- Ward, A., & Campoli-Richards, D. M. (1986, November). Mupirocin. Drugs. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.http://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198632050-00002