Phenytoin Sodium
Neurosurgery, Epilepsy, Seizures + 9 more
Treatment
5 FDA approvals
20 Active Studies for Phenytoin Sodium
Treatment for
Neurosurgery
What is Phenytoin Sodium
Phenytoin
The Generic name of this drug
Treatment Summary
Phenytoin is a medication used to treat epilepsy and other seizure disorders. It has been used for around 80 years and is one of the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsants. Additionally, it has been investigated for other uses such as bipolar disorder, retina protection and wound healing. When taking phenytoin, it is important to monitor the levels in the body to ensure they are within the recommended range, as even small deviations can lead to suboptimal treatment or side effects. It is available in both injectable and oral forms.
Dilantin-125
is the brand name
Phenytoin Sodium Overview & Background
Brand Name
Generic Name
First FDA Approval
How many FDA approvals?
Dilantin-125
Phenytoin
1953
163
Approved as Treatment by the FDA
Phenytoin, otherwise known as Dilantin-125, is approved by the FDA for 5 uses which include Seizures and Status; Epilepticus, Tonic-clonic .
Seizures
Status; Epilepticus, Tonic-clonic
Seizures
Neurosurgery
Epilepsy
Effectiveness
How Phenytoin Sodium Affects Patients
Phenytoin is a medication used to control seizures. The therapeutic range for this drug is usually between 10-20 mg/L, however factors like genetics and body composition can make it difficult to find the right dose. Factors like certain genetic characteristics and other drugs taken at the same time can affect how much of the drug is actually able to work, since only the unbound portion is able to have an effect.
How Phenytoin Sodium works in the body
Phenytoin was discovered in the 1940s, but it took many years to understand how it works. Scientists now believe that phenytoin blocks sodium channels in the body, which prevents the neurons from sending out too many electrical signals. This helps to reduce the frequency and intensity of seizures.
When to interrupt dosage
The proposed dose of Phenytoin Sodium is contingent upon the diagnosed situation, such as Seizure Disorder, Post Traumatic Seizures and Status; Epilepticus, Tonic-clonic. The measure of dosage differs per the method of delivery (e.g. Tablet - Oral or Parenteral) featured in the table beneath.
Condition
Dosage
Administration
Epilepsy
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Neurosurgery
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Seizures
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Epilepsy, Absence
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Seizures
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Seizures
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Status Epilepticus
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
inadequate control with monotherapy
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Epilepsy
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Seizures
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
, 30.0 mg, 100.0 mg, 200.0 mg, 300.0 mg, 50.0 mg, 50.0 mg/mL, 125.0 mg/mL, 100.0 mg/mL, 250.0 mg/mL, 30.0 mg/mL
Oral, , Capsule, extended release - Oral, Capsule, extended release, Tablet, chewable, Tablet, chewable - Oral, Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Injection, solution, Capsule, Capsule - Oral, Suspension, Suspension - Oral, Intravenous, Injection, Injection - Intravenous, Tablet, Tablet - Oral, Solution, Solution - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Liquid, Injection - Intramuscular; Intravenous, Parenteral, Injection - Parenteral
Warnings
Phenytoin Sodium has eight known contraindications, and its use should not be merged with the conditions stated in the following table.
Phenytoin Sodium Contraindications
Condition
Risk Level
Notes
Adams-Stokes Syndrome
Do Not Combine
Atrioventricular Block
Do Not Combine
Pulse Frequency
Do Not Combine
Sinus Bradycardia
Do Not Combine
phenytoin
Do Not Combine
Sinoatrial Block
Do Not Combine
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions
Do Not Combine
Phenytoin may interact with Pulse Frequency
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions
Do Not Combine
Phenytoin may interact with Pulse Frequency
There are 20 known major drug interactions with Phenytoin Sodium.
Common Phenytoin Sodium Drug Interactions
Drug Name
Risk Level
Description
1,2-Benzodiazepine
Major
The metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.
3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid
Major
The metabolism of 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.
5-androstenedione
Major
The metabolism of 5-androstenedione can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.
6-O-benzylguanine
Major
The metabolism of 6-O-benzylguanine can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.
7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin
Major
The metabolism of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin can be increased when combined with Phenytoin.
Phenytoin Sodium Toxicity & Overdose Risk
Phenytoin toxicity can be caused by drug interactions or changes in serum albumin levels, such as those caused by kidney disease, pregnancy, malnutrition, or cancer. The symptoms of phenytoin toxicity depend on the route of administration and the concentration of the drug in the blood. Symptoms of low concentrations include dizziness, nausea, and mild eye movements, while more severe concentrations can cause confusion, seizures, and coma. Phenytoin is also known to cause heart rhythm disturbances due to its effect on voltage-gated sodium channels. Treatment for phenytoin toxicity is usually limited to supportive care, with the exception of
Phenytoin Sodium Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Phenytoin Sodium?
57 active clinical trials are being conducted to assess the effectiveness of Phenytoin Sodium for Complex Partial Seizures, Petit Mal Epilepsy, and other Convulsive Disorders.
Condition
Clinical Trials
Trial Phases
Seizures
5 Actively Recruiting
Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1
Epilepsy, Absence
0 Actively Recruiting
Status Epilepticus
0 Actively Recruiting
Epilepsy
19 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Phase 2, Phase 3, Early Phase 1, Phase 4, Phase 1
Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic
0 Actively Recruiting
Seizures
0 Actively Recruiting
Seizures
0 Actively Recruiting
Neurosurgery
1 Actively Recruiting
Early Phase 1
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
4 Actively Recruiting
Not Applicable, Early Phase 1, Phase 1, Phase 2
Epilepsy
0 Actively Recruiting
inadequate control with monotherapy
0 Actively Recruiting
Seizures
0 Actively Recruiting
Phenytoin Sodium Reviews: What are patients saying about Phenytoin Sodium?
5
Patient Review
8/19/2013
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
5
Patient Review
12/31/2008
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
5
Patient Review
2/28/2009
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
5
Patient Review
6/15/2009
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
5
Patient Review
10/30/2009
Phenytoin Sodium for Convulsive Seizures
5
Patient Review
12/4/2009
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
4.3
Patient Review
5/15/2013
Phenytoin Sodium for Simple Partial Seizures
4.3
Patient Review
12/19/2013
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
4.3
Patient Review
9/19/2013
Phenytoin Sodium for Convulsive Seizures
4
Patient Review
1/20/2013
Phenytoin Sodium for Convulsive Seizures
4
Patient Review
8/7/2016
Phenytoin Sodium for Simple Partial Seizures
3.7
Patient Review
2/21/2009
Phenytoin Sodium for Convulsive Seizures
3
Patient Review
4/21/2019
Phenytoin Sodium for Convulsive Seizures
3
Patient Review
7/9/2010
Phenytoin Sodium for Convulsive Seizures
3
Patient Review
11/25/2017
Phenytoin Sodium for Facial Nerve Pain
1.3
Patient Review
3/30/2013
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
1
Patient Review
5/25/2009
Phenytoin Sodium for Epileptic Seizure
Patient Q&A Section about phenytoin sodium
These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.
Why is phenytoin given at night?
"Phenytoin is given at night to reduce the risk of morning epileptic seizures."
Answered by AI
What is phenytoin sodium side effects?
"Brushing and flossing your teeth and seeing a dentist regularly may help to prevent this.
The following are some potential side effects of phenytoin: headaches, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, feeling of spinning, drowsiness, difficulty sleeping, or nervousness. If any of these effects last or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Phenytoin may also cause swelling and bleeding of the gums. To help prevent this, brush and floss your teeth regularly and see a dentist regularly."
Answered by AI
What is the difference between phenytoin and phenytoin sodium?
"Phenytoin is an anti-seizure medication that is sold under several brand names, including Dilantin. It is also sold as the generic drug phenytoin or phenytoin sodium."
Answered by AI
What is a phenytoin sodium used for?
"Phenytoin is a medication used to control certain types of seizures, as well as to treat and prevent seizures that may begin during or after surgery to the brain or nervous system. Phenytoin is classified as an anticonvulsant, and works by decreasing abnormal electrical activity in the brain."
Answered by AI