Exercise for Physical Activity Benefits
(MoTrMito Trial)
Recruiting in Palo Alto (17 mi)
Overseen byOwen T Carmichael, PhD
Age: 18+
Sex: Any
Travel: May Be Covered
Time Reimbursement: Varies
Trial Phase: Academic
Recruiting
Sponsor: Pennington Biomedical Research Center
Must not be taking: Beta blockers, Anticoagulants, Antidepressants, others
Disqualifiers: Diabetes, Hypertension, Cancer, others
No Placebo Group
Trial Summary
What is the purpose of this trial?
The goal of the study is to determine whether aerobic or resistant exercise can improve in vivo mitochondrial capacity of skeletal muscle cells similarly in healthy younger, middle aged and older adults. This confers long-term changes in this tissue which in-turn contribute to improved metabolic health and functional capacity through epigenetic regulation of novel exercise response genes.
Will I have to stop taking my current medications?
The trial requires that you stop taking certain medications, such as lipid-lowering drugs, psychiatric drugs, and others listed in the exclusion criteria. If you are on any of these, you may need to stop them for at least 3 months before participating.
What data supports the effectiveness of the treatment Isometric Contraction Exercise, Isometric Exercise, Static Contraction Exercise?
Is isometric exercise safe for humans?
Isometric exercise can increase blood pressure and heart rate, which may be dangerous for people with high blood pressure or heart problems. Healthy individuals generally tolerate it well, but those with cardiovascular issues should be cautious and consult a healthcare provider before engaging in high-intensity isometric exercises.678910
How is the treatment Isometric Contraction Exercise unique compared to other treatments for physical activity benefits?
Isometric Contraction Exercise is unique because it involves static muscle contractions that can be done in short durations, making it suitable for people with limited time or those unable to perform traditional exercises due to health conditions. Unlike other exercises, it can improve muscle strength without significant muscle growth and is beneficial for those with low cardiac reserve or painful joints.26111213
Eligibility Criteria
Healthy adults aged 18-39, 40-59, and over 60 with a BMI between >19 to <35 kg/m2 who can consent and understand English. Excluded are those on certain medications, planning weight changes, with chronic diseases like diabetes or heart conditions, high blood pressure or abnormal blood tests, recent substance abuse including tobacco and excessive alcohol intake.Inclusion Criteria
I can read and speak English well enough to understand medical instructions.
I am 60 years old or older.
My BMI is between 19 and 35.
See 9 more
Exclusion Criteria
Hematocrit (screening test)
I am not taking any benzodiazepines.
I have been diagnosed with COPD.
See 117 more
Trial Timeline
Screening
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial
2-4 weeks
Baseline Assessment
Pre-training 31P MRS measurement to assess phosphocreatine recovery rate
1 week
1 visit (in-person)
Exercise Training
Participants undergo aerobic or resistance exercise training to improve mitochondrial capacity
12 weeks
Regular visits for exercise sessions
Post-training Assessment
Post-training 31P MRS measurement to assess changes in phosphocreatine recovery rate
1 week
1 visit (in-person)
Follow-up
Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after exercise training
4 weeks
Treatment Details
Interventions
- Isometric Contraction Exercise (Behavioural Intervention)
Trial OverviewThe study examines if aerobic or resistance exercise improves mitochondrial capacity in muscle cells across different age groups. It aims to see if these exercises affect metabolic health and functional capacity by changing how genes respond to exercise.
Participant Groups
3Treatment groups
Active Control
Group I: Young Adults (Age group 18-39)Active Control1 Intervention
31P-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy exam on one thigh to measure mitochondrial capacity non-invasively after exercise training.
Group II: Middle Aged Adults (Age group 40-59)Active Control1 Intervention
31P-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy exam on one thigh to measure mitochondrial capacity non-invasively after exercise training.
Group III: Old Adults (Age group >60)Active Control1 Intervention
31P-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy exam on one thigh to measure mitochondrial capacity non-invasively after exercise training.
Find a Clinic Near You
Research Locations NearbySelect from list below to view details:
Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton Rouge, LA
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Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLead Sponsor
AdventHealth Translational Research InstituteCollaborator
Stanford UniversityCollaborator
Wake Forest University Health SciencesCollaborator
University of Colorado, DenverCollaborator
University of PittsburghCollaborator
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioCollaborator
References
Effect of Video-Assisted Isometric Strengthening Exercise Program on Pain and Muscle Strength Poststabilization of Lower Limb Fracture. [2023]The benefits of isometric strengthening exercises (ISEs) are compromised when patient teaching on ISEs is delayed and/or ineffectively delivered due to healthcare resources constraint, especially when health resources are stretched, as occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the effect of a video-assisted ISE program on pain and muscle strength of patients following surgical stabilization of lower limb fracture. A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures was employed. Primary study outcomes were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory and Manual Muscle Test. Effects over time were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. In comparison with usual care group (n = 32), the intervention group (n = 33) showed better pain reduction over time (p
Therapeutic exercise in general practice. [2018]Newer techniques of exercise which rely on a static or isometric muscle contraction of six seconds' duration once daily offer great possibilities in the treatment of patients incapacitated by low cardiac reserve, joints that are painful on movement or debility too severe to permit a conventional exercise program for general conditioning. Increments of strength of up to two per cent per day can be thus achieved in normal muscles. Muscles deconditioned by immobilization respond at a faster rate. However, no significant muscle hypertrophy can be achieved by this technique. This form of exercise can also be used by persons who are "too busy to exercise" but who may be willing to give two minutes a day to an exercise program designed to increase and maintain muscle tone and strength.A considerable number of medical conditions could be treated more effectively and with less resultant disability if therapeutic exercises-passive, active and progressive-were accurately prescribed and supervised by a physician as part of the treatment program. Among the many conditions to be considered are poliomyelitis, peripheral nerve injuries, the neuritides, postural defects and cardiac diseases.
Isometric exercises do not provide immediate pain relief in Achilles tendinopathy: A quasi-randomized clinical trial. [2021]Isometric exercises may provide an immediate analgesic effect in patients with lower-limb tendinopathy and have been proposed as initial treatment and for immediate pain relief. Current evidence is conflicting, and previous studies were small.
Early rehabilitation using a passive cycle ergometer on muscle morphology in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit (MoVe-ICU study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. [2018]Patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU) are often exposed to prolonged immobilization which, in turn, plays an important role in neuromuscular complications. Exercise with a cycle ergometer is a treatment option that can be used to improve the rehabilitation of patients on mechanical ventilation (MV) in order to minimize the harmful effects of immobility.
Postsurgical management of the runner. [2009]After surgery, it is very important for a runner to maintain foot and leg flexibility and muscle strength. Isometric exercises, the type of muscular contractions that occur when the ends of the muscles are fixed (so activity is evidenced by increase in tension without change in length), are very useful as they develop power and strength and help in regaining power and strength lost by injuried muscles. Isometrics are of greater value when performed in several daily sessions instead of once a day.
Hemodynamic effects of isometric exercise in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. [2017]Isometric exercise increases arterial pressure and heart rate in normotensive individuals and also in patients with labile and fixed essential hypertension. The hypertensinogenic effect of isometric exercise is mediated through an increase in cardiac output because the peripheral vascular resistance is usually not affected. The cardioaccelerating effects of isometric exercise are mediated through an initial vagal withdrawal and a later stimulation of the sympathetic system. However hypertensive patients with defective sympathetic adjustments are not immune to the hypertensinogenic and cardioaccelerating effects of isometric exercise. Since isometric exercises are performed several times during daily activities, they may result in dangerous elevations in arterial pressure in patients with already increased arterial pressure, and this may eventually lead to cerebrovascular accidents and/or cardiac decompensation. It is therefore recommended that patients with elevated arterial pressure, or persons prone to hypertension, should refrain from such activities.
Static exercise--physiologic dangers and proper training techniques. [2008]Static exercise is commonly encountered occupationally and in normal activities of daily living. In addition, weight training, a form of static exercise, is one of the fastest growing physical activities in the United States. Static exercise is a stressor to the cardiovascular system. At high intensities it produces immediate and profound systolic and diastolic hypertension, moderate tachycardia and enhanced contractility resulting in a moderate increase in cardiac output without an increase in stroke volume. Static exercise is well tolerated in healthy people. People with cardiovascular disease appear to tolerate static exercise of low intensity if they have normal left ventricular fraction and reserve. However, in people with impaired left ventricular function and reserve, the exercise stress causes tachycardia, a hypertensive state, increased systemic vascular resistance, and left ventricular end diastolic pressure. If the exercise stress persists, stroke volume and ejection fraction decline. This article helps nurse practitioners in wellness and preventive patient education. An analysis of current research covers the relationship between client variables and the cardiovascular effects of static exercise. Nurse practitioners learn how to identify and advise clients who should avoid static exercise. The proper selection of a health fitness club and the proper components of a basic weight-training program are comprehensively reviewed.
Cardiovascular responses during isometric exercise following lengthening and shortening contractions. [2020]The present study investigated the effects of prior lengthening or shortening contractions on cardiovascular responses during isometric exercise. We utilized the history dependence of skeletal muscle, where active 2-s lengthening or shortening before an isometric contraction can increase [residual force enhancement (RFE)] or decrease [force depression (FD)] force production. Matching torque output between RFE and FD conditions yields lower and higher electromyography (EMG) values, respectively. In study 1, heart rate and perceived exertion (PE; Borg10) were measured in 20 participants during 20-s isometric plantar flexion contractions at low (16 ± 4% MVC)-, moderate (50 ± 5% MVC)-, and high (88 ± 7% MVC)-intensity. In study 2, heart rate and blood pressure were measured in 14 participants during 2-min isometric plantar flexion contractions (40% MVC). In both studies, torque output was held constant between FD and RFE conditions resulting in differences in soleus EMG activity ( P 0.99) and moderate (∆14 ± 9 vs. 14 ± 9 beats/min, P > 0.99) intensity but smaller during RFE at high intensity (∆35 ± 13 vs. 29 ± 13 beats/min, P = 0.004). In study 2, heart rate responses were smaller in the RFE condition following the initial 20-s period; diastolic blood pressure responses were smaller during the last 80 s. A 2-s active change in muscle length before an isometric contraction can influence heart rate and blood pressure responses; however, these differences appear to be modulated by both intensity and duration of the contraction. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using the history dependence of isometric force to alter maximal torque production and motor unit activation between residual force enhancement and force depression conditions, we observed that heart rate responses were different between conditions during a subsequent 20-s high-, but not low- or moderate-, intensity isometric contraction. A 2-min moderate-intensity contraction revealed time-dependent effects on heart rate and diastolic blood pressure. Active 2-s shortening and lengthening before an isometric contraction can influence the cardiovascular responses.
Validity and reliability of the 'Isometric Exercise Scale' (IES) for measuring ratings of perceived exertion during continuous isometric exercise. [2021]Isometric exercise (IE) interventions are an effective non-medical method of reducing arterial blood pressure (BP). Current methods of prescribing and controlling isometric exercise intensity often require the use of expensive equipment and specialist knowledge. However, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) may provide a more accessible means of monitoring exercise intensity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the validity of a specific Isometric Exercise Scale (IES) during a continuous incremental IE test. Twenty-nine male participants completed four incremental isometric wall squat tests. Each test consisted of five 2-min stages of progressively increasing workload. Workload was determined by knee joint angle from 135° to 95°. The tests were continuous with no rest periods between the stages. Throughout the exercise protocol, RPE (IES and Borg's CR-10), heart rate and blood pressure were recorded. A strong positive linear relationship was found between the IES and the CR-10 (r = 0.967). Likewise, strong positive relationships between the IES and wall squat duration (r = 0.849), HR (r = 0.819) and BP (r = 0.841) were seen. Intra-class correlation coefficients and coefficients of variations for the IES ranged from r = 0.81 to 0.91 and 4.5-54%, respectively, with greater reliability seen at the higher workloads. The IES provides valid and reliable measurements of RPE, exercise intensity, and the changes in physiological measures of exertion during continuous incremental IE; as such, the IES can be used as an accessible measure of exercise intensity during IE interventions.
Blood pressure and cardiac autonomic adaptations to isometric exercise training: A randomized sham-controlled study. [2022]Isometric exercise training (IET) is increasingly cited for its role in reducing resting blood pressure (BP). Despite this, few studies have investigated a potential sham effect attributing to the success of IET, thus dictating the aim of the present study. Thirty physically inactive males (n = 15) and females (n = 15) were randomly assigned into three groups. The IET group completed a wall squat intervention at 95% peak heart rate (HR) using a prescribed knee joint angle. The sham group performed a parallel intervention, but at an intensity (
Isometric exercise: cardiovascular responses in normal and cardiac populations. [2008]Isometric exercise produces a characteristic pressor increase in blood pressure which may be important in maintaining perfusion of muscle during sustained contraction. This response is mediated by combined central and peripheral afferent input to medullary cardiovascular centers. In normal individuals the increase in blood pressure is mediated by a rise in cardiac output with little or no change in systemic vascular resistance. However, the pressor response is also maintained during pharmacologic blockade or surgical denervation by increasing systemic vascular resistance. Left ventricular function is normally maintained or improves in normal subjects and cardiac patients with mild impairment of left ventricular contractility. Patients with poor left ventricular function may show deterioration during isometric exercise, although this pattern of response is difficult to predict from resting studies. Recent studies have shown that patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarction can perform submaximum isometric exercise such as carrying weights in the range of 30 to 50 lb without difficulty or adverse responses. In addition, many patients who show ischemic ST depression or angina during dynamic exercise may have a reduced ischemic response during isometric or combined isometric and dynamic exercise. Isometric exercises are frequently encountered in activities of daily living and many occupational tasks. Cardiac patients should be gradually exposed to submaximum isometric training in supervised cardiac rehabilitation programs. Specific job tasks that require isometric or combined isometric and dynamic activities may be evaluated by work simulation studies. This approach to cardiac rehabilitation may facilitate patients who wish to return to a job requiring frequent isometric muscle contraction. Finally, there is a need for additional research on the long-term effects of isometric exercise training on left ventricular hypertrophy and performance. The vigorous training regimens currently utilized by international class and professional athletes should stimulate longitudinal studies of physiologic and pathophysiologic outcomes of intense isometric exercise training programs.
Regular physical exercise: way to healthy life. [2022]Any bodily activity or movement that enhances and maintains overall health and physical fitness is called physical exercise. Habit of regular physical exercise has got numerous benefits. Exercise is of various types such as aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise and flexibility exercise. Aerobic exercise moves the large muscle groups with alternate contraction and relaxation, forces to deep breath, heart to pump more blood with adequate tissue oxygenation. It is also called cardiovascular exercise. Examples of aerobic exercise are walking, running, jogging, swimming etc. In anaerobic exercise, there is forceful contraction of muscle with stretching, usually mechanically aided and help to build up muscle strength and muscle bulk. Examples are weight lifting, pulling, pushing, sprinting etc. Flexibility exercise is one type of stretching exercise to improve the movements of muscles, joints and ligaments. Walking is a good example of aerobic exercise, easy to perform, safe, effective, does not require any training or equipment and less chance of injury. Regular 30 minutes brisk walking in the morning with 150 minutes per week is a good exercise. Regular exercise improves the cardiovascular status, reduces the risk of cardiac disease, high blood pressure and cerebrovascular disease. It reduces body weight, improves insulin sensitivity, helps in glycemic control, prevents obesity and diabetes mellitus. It is helpful for relieving anxiety, stress, brings a sense of well being and overall physical fitness. Global trend is mechanization, labor savings and leading to epidemic of long term chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases etc. All efforts should be made to create public awareness promoting physical activity, physically demanding recreational pursuits and providing adequate facilities.
[The effect of isometric exercises for cervical spine on blood pressure]. [2009]Isometric exercises are common modality in the treatment of cervical syndrome. They are based on maximal voluntary contraction for 5-10 seconds. Isometric exercises can significantly rise blood presure. The purpose of the study was to asses the effect of isometric exercises submaximal intesity (60% maximal voluntary contraction) redarding blood pressure. The reults showed that even isometric exercises lower intesity statistically singnificabt rise systolic and diastolic blood pressure immediately after exercises. The blood pressure values reach normal values after 30 minutes.