Smoking Cessation for Homeless Youth

Recruiting in Palo Alto (17 mi)

Overseen by Julianna Nemeth

Age: < 65

Sex: Any

Travel: May Be Covered

Time Reimbursement: Varies

Trial Phase: Academic

Recruiting

Sponsor: Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

No Placebo Group

Trial Summary

What is the purpose of this trial?

This trial develops a contextually tailored and optimized smoking cessation intervention and studies smoking motivations and motivations to quit smoking in homeless youth. Identifying motivations for smoking and motivations to quit smoking may help researchers build a program to help homeless young people quit smoking cigarettes if desired.

Do I need to stop my current medications to join the trial?

The trial information does not specify whether you need to stop taking your current medications.

What data supports the effectiveness of the Smoking Cessation Intervention treatment for homeless youth?

A study found promising preliminary effects of a text-messaging intervention for smoking cessation among young people experiencing homelessness, suggesting that tailored interventions can be effective for this group. ^{1 2 3 4 5}

Is the smoking cessation treatment safe for homeless youth?

The research does not provide specific safety data for the smoking cessation treatment, but it mentions that a text messaging intervention was pilot tested with promising effects on smoking cessation among homeless youth. ^{1 2 3 6 7}

How is the Smoking Cessation Intervention for homeless youth different from other treatments?

This treatment is unique because it is specifically designed for homeless youth, who have higher smoking rates and face unique challenges. It may include components like text messaging support, which is more accessible and less costly than traditional in-person programs, making it suitable for their transient lifestyle. ^{1 5 6 7 8}

Eligibility Criteria

This trial is for homeless youth who are interested in quitting smoking. It aims to understand their reasons for smoking and wanting to quit, which will help create a tailored program to assist them in stopping cigarette use.

Inclusion Criteria

Youth who meet criteria for homelessness defined by the 2002 McKinney-Vento Act including those who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence; live in a welfare hotel, or place without regular sleeping accommodations; or live in a shared residence with other persons due to the loss of one's housing or economic hardship.

I have smoked daily or occasionally in the last week.

Trial Timeline

Screening

Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial

2-4 weeks

MOST STEP Ia (interview)

Participants attend a semi-structured interview over 60 minutes to help establish a theoretical model of contextually tailored smoking cessation for homeless youth.

1 week

1 visit (in-person)

MOST STEP Ib (survey)

Participants complete a survey to help establish a theoretical model of contextually tailored smoking cessation for homeless youth.

1 week

1 visit (virtual)

MOST STEP II (focus groups)

Participants attend focus groups to help identify a set of cessation intervention components for homeless youth and determine component acceptability and feasibility.

2 weeks

2 visits (in-person)

MOST STEP II (feasibility study)

Intervention components are identified and selected from Focus Groups. Participants take part in a study to assess these components for feasibility in implementing in coordination with homeless youth services.

4 weeks

4 visits (in-person)

Follow-up

Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after the intervention components are implemented.

4 weeks

Treatment Details

Interventions

• Smoking Cessation Intervention (Behavioral Intervention)

Trial Overview The study involves developing a specialized smoking cessation intervention through interviews, surveys, focus groups, and direct anti-smoking treatments designed specifically for the needs of homeless young people.

Participant Groups

Group I: MOST STEP Ib (survey) Experimental Treatment 1 Intervention

Participants complete a survey to help establish theoretical model of contextually tailored smoking cessation for homeless youth.

Group II: MOST STEP Ia (interview) Experimental Treatment 1 Intervention

Participants attend a semi-structured interview over 60 minutes to help establish theoretical model of contextually tailored smoking cessation for homeless youth.

Group III: MOST STEP II (focus groups) Experimental Treatment 1 Intervention

Participants attend focus groups to help identify a set of cessation intervention components for homeless youth and determine component acceptability and feasibility.

Group IV: MOST STEP II (feasibility study) Experimental Treatment 1 Intervention

Intervention components are identified and selected from Focus Groups. Participants take part in a study to assess these components for feasibility in implementing in coordination with homeless youth services, as well as determining main effect estimates for future studies.

Find a Clinic Near You

Research Locations Nearby Select from list below to view details:

Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus, OH

Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?

Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Lead Sponsor

National Cancer Institute (NCI) Collaborator

References

1. United States pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Providing smoking cessation programs to homeless youth: the perspective of service providers. [2015] There is almost no information available on cigarette smoking among homeless youth, whether they are currently receiving services for smoking cessation, and how to best help them quit. This paper presents data collected from a series of semi-structured telephone interviews with service providers from 23 shelters and drop-in centers serving homeless youth in Los Angeles County about their current smoking cessation programming, interest in providing smoking cessation services to their clients, potential barriers to providing this service, and ways to overcome these barriers. Results indicated that 84% of facilities did not offer smoking cessation services, although nearly all (91%) were interested in doing so. Barriers to implementing formal smoking cessation programs on site included lack of resources (e.g., money, personnel) to support the programs, staff training, and concern that smoking cessation may not be a high priority for homeless youth themselves. Overall, service providers seemed to prefer a less intensive smoking cessation program that could be delivered at their site by existing staff. Data from this formative needs assessment will be useful for developing and evaluating a smoking cessation treatment that could be integrated into the busy, complex environment that characterizes agencies that serve homeless youth.

2. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Substance Use and Mental Health Outcomes from a Text Messaging-Based Intervention for Smoking Cessation Among Young People Experiencing Homelessness. [2022] Cigarette smoking and associated high-risk behaviors are prevalent among youth experiencing homelessness (YEH), making appropriately tailored interventions targeting smoking behavior important for this group. We pilot tested a brief text-messaging intervention (TMI) as an adjunct to standard care for YEH who smoke and found promising preliminary effects of the intervention on smoking cessation. The purpose of the present study was to test the TMI's effect on the secondary outcomes of other substance use (including use of other tobacco/nicotine devices) and mental health symptoms.

3. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Homeless Clients Benefit From Smoking Cessation Treatment Delivered by a Homeless Persons' Program. [2022] Few homeless programs offer smoking cessation treatment. This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of a smoking cessation treatment model delivered by staff of a homeless persons' program.

4. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Identifying Novel Motivation Phase-Specific Cessation Targets for Youth Experiencing Homelessness in the USA. [2023] Of youth experiencing homelessness (YEH; 14-24 years old), 70%+ smoke combusted, commercial tobacco. Though many have tried to quit, most use ineffective methods. Drop-in centers for YEH are opportune places to link YEH to evidence-based treatment. Using the Phase-Based Model (PBM) to Cessation Research, the aim of this study was to identify "Motivation" phase-specific challenges impacting YEH's willingness to make a quit attempt-the goal of this cessation phase.

5. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

"I Smoked That Cigarette, and It Calmed Me Down": A Qualitative Analysis of Intrapersonal, Social, and Environmental Factors Influencing Decisions to Smoke Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness. [2022] Approximately 70% of youth experiencing homelessness smoke cigarettes; many try to quit and are interested in formal smoking cessation programs. The purpose of this study was to describe the intrapersonal, social, and environmental contexts associated with the most recent smoking experience among youth experiencing homelessness and (2) identify differences in contextual factors by age and willingness to quit.

6. Canada pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Text Messaging Intervention for Young Smokers Experiencing Homelessness: Lessons Learned From a Randomized Controlled Trial. [2023] Smoking rates are significantly higher among young people experiencing homelessness than in the general population. Despite a willingness to quit, homeless youth have little success in doing so on their own, and existing cessation resources tailored to this population are lacking. Homeless youth generally enjoy the camaraderie and peer support that group-based programs offer, but continuous in-person support during a quit attempt can be prohibitively expensive.

7. Netherlands pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Smoking cessation methods among homeless youth in a Midwestern city. [2022] Nearly three times as many homeless youth smoke cigarettes in the United States (US) compared to the general population of youth. Few studies have focused on how to help homeless youth quit smoking. As part of a series of studies to develop a smoking cessation intervention for homeless youth, this study aimed to describe methods used in past quit attempts by homeless youth.

8. England pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Designing a smoking cessation intervention for the unique needs of homeless persons: a community-based randomized clinical trial. [2022] Although smoking prevalence remains strikingly high in homeless populations (~70% and three times the US national average), smoking cessation studies usually exclude homeless persons. Novel evidence-based interventions are needed for this high-risk subpopulation of smokers.