Cincinnati Home Injury Prevention Study (CHIP Trial)

One aim of this study is to test the efficacy of the installation of multiple, passive measures to reduce exposure to injury hazards in the homes of young children of first-time mothers and reduce childhood injury. The study also seeks to identify sub-groups of mothers and children who benefit most from the intervention and examine the potential moderating effect of maternal depressive symptoms, the intensity of supervisory behavior, and child temperament and activity, on the intervention and subsequent injury outcomes. Specific Aim 1 Hypotheses: H1.1: The housing units randomly assigned to the intervention group will have a significant decrease in the number and density (number per area) of residential injury-related hazards compared with control group units. H1.2: Children who are randomized to the intervention group (e.g. installation of multiple, passive measures to reduce exposure to residential injury hazards) will have a 50% reduction in modifiable and medically-attended injuries compared with children in the control group followed-up for 24-months in intention-to-treat analyses. Specific Aim 2: Hypotheses H2.1: Persistent maternal depressive symptoms will moderate the effects of the intervention on childhood injury in the home; households and children of mothers with higher levels of symptoms will have more hazards and injuries. H2.2: Children of mothers with less intense maternal supervisory behavior over the course of the intervention follow-up will have higher rates of injury. H2.3: Children scoring high in activity on the Carey Temperament Scale will experience reduced benefits of the intervention on childhood injury in the home.