Migalastat for Fabry Disease
Recruiting in Palo Alto (17 mi)
+17 other locations
Age: 18+
Sex: Any
Travel: May Be Covered
Time Reimbursement: Varies
Trial Phase: Phase 3
Recruiting
Sponsor: Amicus Therapeutics
Must not be taking: Miglitol, Agalsidase, Miglustat
Disqualifiers: Kidney transplant, Peritoneal dialysis, others
No Placebo Group
Pivotal Trial (Near Approval)
Prior Safety Data
Approved in 8 Jurisdictions
Trial Summary
What is the purpose of this trial?
An Open-label Study to Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Migalastat HCl in Subjects with Fabry Disease and Amenable GLA Variants and Severe Renal Impairment (SRI) or End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
Will I have to stop taking my current medications?
The trial requires that you do not take certain medications like Glyset, Replagal, Fabrazyme, or Zavesca while participating. If you are on these, you would need to stop them to join the trial.
What data supports the effectiveness of the drug Migalastat for Fabry Disease?
Migalastat has been shown to be effective in treating Fabry disease by increasing the activity of a specific enzyme that is deficient in patients with this condition. Clinical trials have demonstrated that it can reduce heart size and stabilize kidney function in patients with certain genetic mutations, making it a valuable treatment option for those with amenable mutations.12345
Is Migalastat safe for humans?
How is the drug migalastat unique in treating Fabry disease?
Migalastat is unique because it is an oral drug that acts as a pharmacological chaperone, stabilizing specific mutant forms of the enzyme α-galactosidase A, which helps it function properly in patients with certain genetic mutations. Unlike traditional enzyme replacement therapies that require intravenous infusions, migalastat offers a more convenient oral administration for those with amenable mutations.1241112
Eligibility Criteria
This trial is for adults with Fabry disease and severe kidney impairment, including those on stable hemodialysis. Participants must have a specific GLA gene variant treatable by migalastat and agree to use contraception if of reproductive potential. Exclusions include pregnancy, breastfeeding, unstable heart conditions, recent other investigational drugs or gene therapy, allergy to migalastat or similar drugs.Inclusion Criteria
If of reproductive potential, both male and female patients agree to use a medically accepted method of contraception
My records show a GLA variant treatable with migalastat.
I have end-stage renal disease and will complete all my dialysis sessions as prescribed.
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Exclusion Criteria
I am allergic to migalastat or similar medications.
I do not have any health conditions that would stop me from following the study's requirements.
Subject is treated or has been treated with another investigational drug (except migalastat) within the 30 days
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Trial Timeline
Screening
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial
2-4 weeks
1 visit (in-person)
Baseline
Baseline visit to confirm enrollment eligibility and conduct initial assessments
Within 30 days of screening
1 visit (in-person)
Treatment
Participants receive migalastat based on their cohort assignment and eGFRMDRD result
12 months
Regular visits as per dosing schedule
Follow-up
Participants are monitored for safety and effectiveness after treatment
4 weeks
Treatment Details
Interventions
- Migalastat HCl (Chaperone Therapy)
Trial OverviewThe study tests the safety and how the body processes Migalastat HCl in individuals with Fabry disease who also have severe renal impairment (SRI) or are at the end stage of renal disease (ESRD). It's an open-label study where all participants know they're receiving Migalastat.
Participant Groups
2Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Group I: Cohort 2: End-Stage Renal DiseaseExperimental Treatment1 Intervention
All hemodialysis subjects will receive migalastat 123 mg, equivalent to 150 mg migalastat HCl (hereafter, migalastat). Subjects will take 1 migalastat capsule orally with water every other week.
Group II: Cohort 1: Severe Renal ImpairmentExperimental Treatment1 Intervention
All subjects will receive migalastat 123 mg, equivalent to 150 mg migalastat HCl (hereafter, migalastat) at a dose regimen based on their eGFRMDRD result at Visit 1. Subjects will take 1 migalastat capsule orally with water either every 4 or 7 days.
Migalastat HCl is already approved in European Union, United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, Switzerland for the following indications:
🇪🇺 Approved in European Union as Galafold for:
- Fabry disease
🇺🇸 Approved in United States as Galafold for:
- Fabry disease
🇨🇦 Approved in Canada as Galafold for:
- Fabry disease
🇯🇵 Approved in Japan as Galafold for:
- Fabry disease
🇦🇺 Approved in Australia as Galafold for:
- Fabry disease
🇨🇭 Approved in Switzerland as Galafold for:
- Fabry disease
Find a Clinic Near You
Research Locations NearbySelect from list below to view details:
Emory UniversityAtlanta, GA
Emory SOMAtlanta, GA
UPMC Children's Hospital of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA
The Cleveland ClinicCleveland, OH
More Trial Locations
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Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
Amicus TherapeuticsLead Sponsor
References
Migalastat: First Global Approval. [2018]Migalastat (Galafold™)-a small molecule drug developed by Amicus Therapeutics that restores the activity of specific mutant forms of α-galactosidase-has been approved for the treatment of Fabry disease in the EU in patients with amenable mutations. Fabry disease is a rare disorder that results in a deficiency or absence of α-galactosidase, leading to accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in the lysosomes of various cells. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of migalastat leading to this first approval in the EU for the long-term treatment of adults and adolescents aged ≥16 years with a confirmed diagnosis of Fabry disease.
Fabry Disease: Switch from Enzyme Replacement Therapy to Oral Chaperone Migalastat: What Do We Know Today? [2023]Fabry disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of the α-galactosidase-A enzyme. The result is the progressive accumulation of complex glycosphingolipids and cellular dysfunction. Cardiac, renal, and neurological involvement significantly reduces life expectancy. Currently, there is increasing evidence that clinical response to treatment improves with early and timely initiation. Until a few years ago, treatment options for Fabry disease were limited to enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase alfa or beta administered by intravenous infusion every 2 weeks. Migalastat (Galafold®) is an oral pharmacological chaperone that increases the enzyme activity of "amenable" mutations. The safety and efficacy of migalastat were supported in the phase III FACETS and ATTRACT studies, compared to available enzyme replacement therapies, showing a reduction in left ventricular mass, and stabilization of kidney function and plasma Lyso-Gb3. Similar results were confirmed in subsequent extension publications, both in patients who started migalastat as their first treatment and in patients who were previously on enzyme replacement therapy and switched to migalastat. In this review we describe the safety and efficacy of switching from enzyme replacement therapy to migalastat in patients with Fabry disease and "amenable" mutations, referring to publications available to date.
[Chaperone molecules: The example of Fabry disease]. [2021]Fabry disease is due to mutations in the GLA gene that cause a deficiency of the activity of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (α-gal A) resulting in intra-tissue accumulation of globotriaosylceramide. Recently, a novel therapeutic approach based on the pharmacological chaperone migalastat has been developed. It binds, in a specific and reversible manner, to the catalytic site of α-gal A mutants, to prevent their degradation by the quality control system of the endoplasmic reticulum and allow them to catabolize globotriaosylceramide in the lysosomes. This treatment concerns approximately 35% of the GLA gene mutations recognized as sensitive to migalastat according to an in vitro pharmacogenetic test. Two pivotal Phase III studies, FACETS: migalastat vs. placebo and ATTRACT: migalastat vs. enzyme replacement therapy analyzed the in vivo effects of migalastat. Despite some methodological limitations, promising results were found. Migalastat seems to be more effective than enzyme replacement therapy in reducing left ventricular mass index in case of cardiac hypertrophy and has comparable renal effects. This oral treatment is the first personalized treatment, based on the genetic profile of Fabry patients and opens a new era in the management of conformational diseases.
Migalastat: A Review in Fabry Disease. [2020]Fabry disease is a rare lysosomal disorder characterized by deficient or absent α-galactosidase A activity resulting from mutations in the GLA gene. Migalastat (Galafold™), a pharmacological chaperone, stabilizes and facilitates trafficking of amenable mutant forms of α-galactosidase A enzyme from the endoplasmic reticulum to lysosomes and increases its lysosomal activity. Oral migalastat is the first pharmacological chaperone approved for treating patients [aged ≥ 18 years (USA and Canada) or ≥ 16 years in other countries] with Fabry disease who have a migalastat-amenable GLA mutation. In the FACETS trial in enzyme replacement therapy (ERT)-naive patients with GLA mutations amenable or non-amenable to migalastat, there was no significant difference between the migalastat and placebo groups for the proportion of patients achieving a ≥ 50% reduction in the number of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) inclusions/kidney interstitial capillary (KIC) at 6 months [primary endpoint; intent-to-treat (ITT) population]. In the modified ITT population (i.e. patients with migalastat-amenable GLA mutations), relative to placebo, migalastat treatment significantly reduced the mean number of GL-3 inclusions/KIC and plasma lyso-globotriaosylsphingosine levels at 6 months. Among evaluable patients, migalastat maintained renal function and reduced cardiac mass after ≤ 24 months' therapy. In the ATTRACT trial in ERT-experienced patients, renal function was maintained during 18 months of migalastat or ERT; however, migalastat significantly reduced cardiac mass compared with ERT. Migalastat was generally well tolerated in both of these trials. Given its convenient oral regimen and the limited therapeutic options available, migalastat is an important treatment option for Fabry disease in patients with migalastat-amenable GLA mutations.
Efficacy of the pharmacologic chaperone migalastat in a subset of male patients with the classic phenotype of Fabry disease and migalastat-amenable variants: data from the phase 3 randomized, multicenter, double-blind clinical trial and extension study. [2022]Outcomes in patients with Fabry disease receiving migalastat during the phase 3 FACETS trial (NCT00925301) were evaluated by phenotype.
Safety and Efficacy of Intermittent High-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B Antifungal Prophylaxis in Haemato-Oncology: An Eight-Year Single-Centre Experience and Review of the Literature. [2021]Triazoles remain first-line agents for antifungal prophylaxis in high-risk haemato-oncology patients, but their use is increasingly contraindicated due to drug-drug interactions and additive toxicities with novel treatments. In this retrospective, single-centre, observational study, we present our eight-year experience of antifungal prophylaxis using intermittent high-dose liposomal Amphotericin B (L-AmB). All adults identified through our Antifungal Stewardship Programme as receiving L-AmB prophylaxis at 7.5 mg/kg once-weekly between February 2012 and January 2020 were included. Adverse reactions, including infusion reactions, electrolyte loss, and nephrotoxicity, were recorded. 'Breakthrough' invasive fungal infection (IFI) occurring within four weeks of L-AmB was classified using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) criteria. Moreover, 114 courses of intermittent high-dose L-AmB prophylaxis administered to 92 unique patients were analysed. Hypokalaemia was the most common grade 3-4 adverse event, with 26 (23%) courses. Grade 3 nephrotoxicity occurred in 8 (7%) and reversed in all six patients surviving to 90 days. There were two (1.8%) episodes of breakthrough IFI, one 'probable' and one 'possible'. In this study, the largest evaluation of intermittent high-dose L-AmB prophylaxis conducted to date, toxicity was manageable and reversible and breakthrough IFI was rare. L-AmB prophylaxis represents a viable alternative for patients with a contraindication to triazoles.
In Vitro and In Vivo Amenability to Migalastat in Fabry Disease. [2020]Migalastat (1-deoxygalactonojirimycin) is approved for the treatment of Fabry disease (FD) in patients with an amenable mutation. Currently, there are at least 367 amenable and 711 non-amenable mutations known, based on an in vitro good laboratory practice (GLP) assay. Recent studies demonstrated that in vitro amenability of mutations did not necessarily correspond to in vivo amenability of migalastat-treated patients. This discrepancy might be due to (methodological) limitations of the current GLP-HEK assay. Currently, there are several published comparable cell-based amenability assays, with partially different outcomes for the same tested mutation, leading to concerns in FD-treating physicians. The aim of this review is to elucidate the idea of amenability assays from their beginning, starting with patient-specific primary cells to high-throughput assays based on overexpression. Consequently, we compare methods of current assays, highlighting their similarities, as well as their pros and cons. Finally, we provide a literature-based list of α-galactosidase A mutations, tested by different assays to provide a comprehensive overview of amenable mutations as a good basis for the decision-making by treating physicians. Since in vitro amenability does not always correspond with in vivo amenability, the treating clinician has the responsibility to monitor clinical and laboratory features to verify clinical response.
Long-term follow-up of renal function in patients treated with migalastat for Fabry disease. [2023]The effect of migalastat on long-term renal outcomes in enzyme replacement therapy (ERT)-naive and ERT-experienced patients with Fabry disease is not well defined. An integrated posthoc analysis of the phase 3 clinical trials and open-label extension studies was conducted to evaluate long-term changes in renal function in patients with Fabry disease and amenable GLA variants who were treated with migalastat for ≥2 years during these studies. The analysis included ERT-naive (n = 36 [23 females]; mean age 45 years; mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 91.4 mL/min/mL/1.73 m2) and ERT-experienced (n = 42 [24 females]; mean age, 50 years; mean baseline eGFR, 89.2 mL/min/1.73m2) patients with amenable variants who received migalastat 123 mg every other day for ≥2 years. The annualized rate of change from baseline to last observation in estimated glomerular filtration rate using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation (eGFRCKD-EPI) was calculated by both simple linear regression and a random coefficient model. In ERT-naive patients, mean annualized rates of change from baseline in eGFRCKD-EPI were - 1.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 overall and - 1.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 and - 1.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 in male and female patients, respectively, as estimated by simple linear regression. In ERT-experienced patients, mean annualized rates of change from baseline in eGFRCKD-EPI were - 1.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 overall and - 2.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 and - 0.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 in male and female patients, respectively. Mean annualized rate of change in eGFRCKD-EPI in ERT-naive patients with the classic phenotype (defined by white blood cell alpha galactosidase A [α-Gal A] activity of <3% of normal and multiorgan system involvement) was -1.7 mL/min/1.73 m2. When calculated using the random coefficient model, which adjusted for sex, age, and baseline renal function, the annualized eGFRCKD-EPI change was minimal (mean: -0.1 and 0.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 in ERT-naive and ERT-experienced patients, respectively). In conclusion, patients with Fabry disease and amenable GLA variants receiving long-term migalastat treatment (≤8.6 years) maintained renal function irrespective of treatment status, sex, or phenotype.
Comparative efficacy, toxicity and biodistribution of the liposomal amphotericin B formulations Fungisome® and AmBisome® in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. [2021]Fungisome® (F), a liposomal amphotericin B (AmB) product, is marketed in India as a safe and effective therapeutic for the parasitic infection visceral leishmaniasis. Its potential in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a disfiguring form of the disease affecting the skin, is currently unknown. Here, we report the evaluation of the efficacy of F in the Leishmania major BALB/c murine model of CL, including a head-to-head comparison with the standard liposomal AmB formulation AmBisome® (A). Upon intravenous administration at dose levels of 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg of body weight (on days 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8), F showed clear signs of toxicity (at 15 mg/kg), while A did not. After complete treatment (day 10), the tolerated doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg F had significant antileishmanial activity (ED50 = 4.0 and 12.8 mg/kg for qPCR-based parasite load and lesion size, respectively), although less than that of A at identical doses (ED50 = 3.0 and 8.8 mg/kg). The efficacy of F was inferior compared to A because lower levels of the active agent AmB accumulated within the infected lesion. In conclusion, despite possibly being less safe and efficacious than A at equivalent doses, the moderate in vivo activity of F could indicate a role in the systemic pharmacotherapy of CL.
Comparison of in vitro antifungal activities of free and liposome-encapsulated nystatin with those of four amphotericin B formulations. [2020]The in vitro activity of a multilamellar liposomal formulation of nystatin (Nyotran) was compared with those of free nystatin and four pharmaceutical preparations of amphotericin B. MICs for 200 isolates of two Aspergillus spp., seven Candida spp., and Cryptococcus neoformans were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the method recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) of the six antifungal preparations were also determined. Both nystatin formulations possessed fungistatic and fungicidal activities against the 10 species tested. Liposomal nystatin appeared to be as active as free nystatin, with MICs and MLCs that were similar to, or lower than, those of the latter. Neither formulation of nystatin was as active as amphotericin B deoxycholate (Fungizone) or amphotericin B lipid complex (Abelcet), but both were more effective than liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). Our results suggest that further evaluation of liposomal nystatin is justified.
Safety and pharmacodynamic effects of a pharmacological chaperone on α-galactosidase A activity and globotriaosylceramide clearance in Fabry disease: report from two phase 2 clinical studies. [2021]Fabry disease (FD) is a genetic disorder resulting from deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A), which leads to globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) accumulation in multiple tissues. We report on the safety and pharmacodynamics of migalastat hydrochloride, an investigational pharmacological chaperone given orally at 150 mg every-other-day.
Oral pharmacological chaperone migalastat compared with enzyme replacement therapy in Fabry disease: 18-month results from the randomised phase III ATTRACT study. [2022]Label="BACKGROUND">Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by GLA mutations, resulting in α-galactosidase (α-Gal) deficiency and accumulation of lysosomal substrates. Migalastat, an oral pharmacological chaperone being developed as an alternative to intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), stabilises specific mutant (amenable) forms of α-Gal to facilitate normal lysosomal trafficking.