Chloroquine Phosphate

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Sarcoidosis, prophylaxis of Malaria + 6 more

Treatment

6 FDA approvals

20 Active Studies for Chloroquine Phosphate

What is Chloroquine Phosphate

Chloroquine

The Generic name of this drug

Treatment Summary

Chloroquine is a medication that was originally developed in the 1940s to treat malaria. It was the go-to treatment until more effective drugs such as pyrimethamine, artemisinin, and mefloquine were invented. In recent years, chloroquine and its derivative hydroxychloroquine have been used to treat other conditions such as HIV, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis. In 2020, the FDA revoked its emergency use authorization for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. Chloroquine was first approved by the FDA in

Aralen

is the brand name

image of different drug pills on a surface

Chloroquine Phosphate Overview & Background

Brand Name

Generic Name

First FDA Approval

How many FDA approvals?

Aralen

Chloroquine

1972

22

Approved as Treatment by the FDA

Chloroquine, also called Aralen, is approved by the FDA for 6 uses which include acute, uncomplicated Malaria and Plasmodium Infections .

acute, uncomplicated Malaria

Plasmodium Infections

Malaria

Malaria

prophylaxis of Malaria

Extraintestinal Amebiasis

Effectiveness

How Chloroquine Phosphate Affects Patients

Chloroquine stops the production of a toxic compound in the _Plasmodium_ species, which can stay in the body for up to 60 days. People taking chloroquine long term or in high doses may experience vision problems, muscle weakness, and toxicity in children, so they should be warned about these potential side effects.

How Chloroquine Phosphate works in the body

Chloroquine stops the growth of malaria by preventing the parasite from converting heme into hemazoin. The drug moves through cell walls, enters organelles like endosomes and lysosomes, and becomes protonated, trapping it in these organelles. This raises the pH levels and stops viruses from fusing and entering the cell. It also blocks the glycosylation of ACE2, a receptor that SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 use to enter cells. This makes it harder for the virus to interact with the spike protein, which prevents it from entering the cell.

When to interrupt dosage

The proposed measure of Chloroquine Phosphate is dependent upon the indicated condition, including Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Actinic prurigo and acute, uncomplicated Malaria. The amount of dosage is contingent upon the method of administration, as featured in the table below.

Condition

Dosage

Administration

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Extraintestinal Amebiasis

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Malaria

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Rheumatoid Arthritis

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Sarcoidosis

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

prophylaxis of Malaria

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Malaria

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Actinic prurigo

, 250.0 mg, 500.0 mg

, Tablet, Oral, Tablet - Oral, Tablet, coated - Oral, Tablet, coated, Tablet, film coated, Tablet, film coated - Oral

Warnings

Chloroquine Phosphate Contraindications

Condition

Risk Level

Notes

visual field changes

Do Not Combine

retinal changes

Do Not Combine

Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Do Not Combine

Chloroquine may interact with Pulse Frequency

There are 20 known major drug interactions with Chloroquine Phosphate.

Common Chloroquine Phosphate Drug Interactions

Drug Name

Risk Level

Description

Acepromazine

Major

The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Acepromazine.

Aceprometazine

Major

The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Aceprometazine.

Acetophenazine

Major

The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Acetophenazine.

Agalsidase beta

Major

The therapeutic efficacy of Agalsidase beta can be decreased when used in combination with Chloroquine.

Alimemazine

Major

The risk or severity of QTc prolongation can be increased when Chloroquine is combined with Alimemazine.

Chloroquine Phosphate Toxicity & Overdose Risk

Signs of overdosing on this drug include headaches, drowsiness, vision problems, nausea, vomiting, shock, seizures, difficulty breathing, heart failure, and low potassium levels. Treatment for this drug overdose includes inducing vomiting, stomach pumping, and administering activated charcoal.

image of a doctor in a lab doing drug, clinical research

Chloroquine Phosphate Novel Uses: Which Conditions Have a Clinical Trial Featuring Chloroquine Phosphate?

Currently, 92 active trials are assessing the utility of Chloroquine Phosphate in providing relief for Porphyria Cutanea Tarda, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Malaria prophylaxis.

Condition

Clinical Trials

Trial Phases

Actinic prurigo

0 Actively Recruiting

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

0 Actively Recruiting

Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid

8 Actively Recruiting

Phase 2, Phase 3, Phase 1

Extraintestinal Amebiasis

0 Actively Recruiting

Rheumatoid Arthritis

55 Actively Recruiting

Not Applicable, Phase 4, Phase 3, Phase 2, Phase 1

Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Sarcoidosis

5 Actively Recruiting

Phase 4, Phase 2, Not Applicable

prophylaxis of Malaria

0 Actively Recruiting

Chloroquine Phosphate Reviews: What are patients saying about Chloroquine Phosphate?

3

Patient Review

3/16/2010

Chloroquine Phosphate for Osteoporosis

This treatment really helped me. I'm grateful for modern medicine.
image of drug pills surrounding a glass of water symbolizing drug consumption

Patient Q&A Section about chloroquine phosphate

These questions and answers are submitted by anonymous patients, and have not been verified by our internal team.

What are the side effects of chloroquine phosphate?

"You may have a headache, nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, upset stomach, stomach pain, rash, or itching."

Answered by AI

What is chloroquine phosphate used for?

"Chloroquine phosphate is a medicine used to prevent or treat certain types of malaria and to treat some types of extraintestinal amoeba infections. It is sold under the brand name Aralen, and it is also available in generic form."

Answered by AI

What is the main side effect of chloroquine?

"The most common side effects of chloroquine are nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach cramps and headache. Less common side effects include changes in mood or behaviour, hair loss and skin rashes."

Answered by AI

Is it safe to take chloroquine phosphate?

"If you take this medicine for a long time, it may make your muscles weak. Talk to your doctor right away if you have muscle weakness while using this medicine. This medicine is very dangerous for children, and even a small amount can lead to an overdose. Keep this medicine away from children."

Answered by AI

Clinical Trials for Chloroquine Phosphate

Have you considered Chloroquine Phosphate clinical trials?

We made a collection of clinical trials featuring Chloroquine Phosphate, we think they might fit your search criteria.
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Steroids for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
Toronto, Canada

People living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often experience flares-periods where their symptoms suddenly get worse. These flares can cause significant pain, make it harder to move and do daily activities, and lower overall quality of life. Doctors often treat flares with medications called glucocorticoids (GCs), which reduce inflammation. These medications can be taken by mouth (oral/PO) or given as a single injection into the muscle (intramuscular/IM). However, it's not clear which option works better from the patient's point of view-especially when it comes to relief of symptoms, improvements in function, and satisfaction with treatment. Most research so far has focused on how well the drugs control the disease, rather than how they impact the patient's overall experience. Research Questions: 1. Does a single GC injection work just as well as taking pills over a few weeks in improving symptoms reported by patients? 2. How do the two treatments compare in terms of symptom relief, ability to function, and patient satisfaction? 3. What do patients think and feel about using GCs to treat RA flares? What the Investigators Think: The investigators believe that a one-time GC injection is just as good as taking pills for a few weeks when it comes to managing RA flares. In fact, the injection might even be safer and preferred by patients. What the Investigators are Doing: The investigators will study 220 adults with RA who are currently having a flare (with at least 3 swollen and tender joints). These patients will be recruited from rheumatology clinics at the University of Toronto and must not have used GCs in the past month. They will be randomly assigned to receive either: A single injection (Methylprednisolone 120 mg), or Oral pills (Prednisone starting at 15 mg daily and tapering down over 3 weeks). The main thing the investigators will look at is how much better patients feel after 6 weeks, based on a questionnaire designed to measure RA flares. The investigators will also look at how well they function, how satisfied they are with the treatment, and whether they had any side effects. In addition, 20 patients (10 from each group) will be interviewed to understand their experiences and opinions about flare treatment in more detail. Why This Is Possible: The investigators have already surveyed University of Toronto rheumatologists who support the idea and provided input on study design. The investigators have also partnered with experts in research methods, national arthritis organizations, and patient groups to make sure the study is relevant and meaningful. Ethics approval has been obtained. Why It Matters: RA flares can have a major impact on people's lives. While current treatments help control inflammation, the investigators need to better understand how these treatments affect people from their own perspective. This study will shift the focus to what matters most to patients, helping doctors and patients choose the best treatment based not only on medical results but also on the patient's experience. This could lead to more effective and personalized care for people living with RA.

Phase 4
Waitlist Available

Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (+4 Sites)

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Health Coaching for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
New York, NY

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if peer coaching works to reduce levels of anxiety and/or depression in adults diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The main questions it aims to answer are: Do people with RA who complete the intervention with a peer coach have lower levels of anxiety and/or depression at 6 months from baseline? Do people with RA who complete the intervention with a peer coach have lower levels of anxiety and/or depression at 6 months compared to those in the control arm? Researchers will compare the peer coaching intervention to an active-control arm (where people without RA coach participants on general health and nutrition topics) to see if peer coaching works to reduce anxiety and/or depression. Participants will meet with a coach every week for 9 weeks and complete several surveys before, during and after the intervention

Recruiting
Has No Placebo

Weill Cornell Medical College

Iris Y Navarro-Millán, MD

Bristol-Myers Squibb

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Academic Detailing for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Any Age
All Sexes
Louisville, KY

The goal of this trial is to learn if an interactive evidence-based educational outreach visits to clinicians who prescribe biologics change prescribing of biosimilar medications. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do educational outreach visits lead to a higher number of prescriptions for biosimilar versions of adalimumab? 2. Do in-person or virtual visits work better? Researchers will compare clinicians offered the educational outreach visit to those who are not offered the visit to see if there is a difference in prescribing of biosimilar versions of adalimumab instead of the original brand-name version. Participants will be offered the chance to meet with a trained clinician who will provide educational information tailored to their knowledge and attitudes on the topic. They will also be provided an educational brochure and patient educational materials.

Waitlist Available
Has No Placebo

Humana Healthcare Research, Inc. (+1 Sites)

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Ultrasound Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis

18+
All Sexes
Minneapolis, MN

The At-Home ULTRA Study will evaluate performance of the MINI system as indicated for the treatment of adults with active, moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis who are inadequate responders or are intolerant to conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs), or targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs). The non-invasive study device delivers ultrasound stimulation to the spleen to reduce inflammation. The study will enroll at least 60 participants at up to 8 sites. There will be three arms consisting of two active stimulation groups (treatment) and one non-active stimulation group (sham-control). After completing the double-blinded primary endpoint assessment period at Week 12, there will be a one-way crossover of control participants to active stimulation and an additional 12 week follow-up with all participants to evaluate long-term outcomes.

Recruiting
Drug

University of Minnesota Medical School, Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases (+4 Sites)

Daniel Zachs

SecondWave Systems Inc.

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