Trial Summary
What is the purpose of this trial?The purpose of this study is to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the human hypothalamus for signs of inflammation in response to specific diets. This research may lead to a better understanding of how poor nutritional quality may lead to obesity through effects on regions of the brain known to regulate body weight.
Do I have to stop taking my current medications?
The trial requires you to stop taking weight-loss medications or medications that alter appetite, like atypical anti-psychotics. Other medications are not specified, so check with the trial coordinators.
What data supports the idea that Diet Modification for Obesity is an effective treatment?
The available research shows that diet modification is a central part of treating obesity. Lower-calorie diets consistently lead to more weight loss in the short term compared to higher-calorie diets. While different diets may have short-term benefits, like low-carb diets being more effective than low-fat ones, the key to success is sticking to the diet. Dietitians play a crucial role by providing personalized advice, which helps people make lasting changes to their eating habits. This approach, combined with exercise and behavior changes, can lead to effective and sustainable weight loss.
12345What safety data exists for diet modification treatments for obesity?
The research indicates that dietary modification is a central component of obesity treatment, often involving caloric restriction and changes in macronutrient composition. While short-term weight loss is commonly achieved, long-term effects vary. Safety data specifically related to nutrient intake shows that some nutrients may fall below recommended levels during dietary interventions, such as iron, thiamin, and calcium. However, nutrient density for other nutrients like protein, fiber, and vitamins may increase. Overall, dietary modification is considered a primary treatment for obesity, but specific safety data on long-term nutrient adequacy and potential deficiencies should be considered.
12678Is Diet modification a promising treatment for obesity?
Yes, diet modification is a promising treatment for obesity. It is a key part of obesity treatment and can lead to weight loss by reducing calorie intake. Different diets can help people lose weight in the short term, and improving how well people stick to their diets can help with long-term weight loss.
12679Eligibility Criteria
This trial is for overweight individuals aged 20-40 with a BMI of 25-29.9, willing to try a new diet for two weeks and undergo MRI scans. It's not suitable for those with major health issues, metal implants, extreme diets like veganism, or who are pregnant.Inclusion Criteria
Overweight: BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2
Willing to undergo randomly assigned 14-day diet modification
I am between 20 and 40 years old.
Exclusion Criteria
I have anemia or problems with my kidney or liver.
Lifetime eating disorder
Weight > 350 pounds (MRI limit)
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Participant Groups
The study tests how three different diet modifications affect brain inflammation related to obesity by using MRI scans of the hypothalamus over a period of 14 days.
3Treatment groups
Experimental Treatment
Group I: Assigned Diet #3Experimental Treatment1 Intervention
Group II: Assigned Diet #2Experimental Treatment1 Intervention
Group III: Assigned Diet #1Experimental Treatment1 Intervention
Find a Clinic Near You
Research Locations NearbySelect from list below to view details:
University of WashingtonSeattle, WA
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Who Is Running the Clinical Trial?
University of WashingtonLead Sponsor
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)Collaborator
References
Dietary interventions for obesity: clinical and mechanistic findings. [2022]Dietary modification is central to obesity treatment. Weight loss diets are available that include various permutations of energy restriction, macronutrients, foods, and dietary intake patterns. Caloric restriction is the common pathway for weight reduction, but different diets may induce weight loss by varied additional mechanisms, including by facilitating dietary adherence. This narrative Review of meta-analyses and select clinical trials found that lower-calorie diets, compared with higher-calorie regimens, reliably induced larger short-term (12 months). Few significant long-term differences in weight loss were observed for diets of varying macronutrient composition, although some regimens were found to have short-term advantages (e.g., low carbohydrate versus low fat). Progress in improving dietary adherence, which is critical to both short- and long-term weight loss, could result from greater efforts to identify behavioral and metabolic phenotypes among dieters.
Meta-analysis: the effect of dietary counseling for weight loss. [2022]Dietary and lifestyle modification efforts are the primary treatments for people who are obese or overweight. The effect of dietary counseling on long-term weight change is unclear.
[Long-term weight reduction. Current therapy approaches in obesity]. [2015]A large percentage of obese patients can lose weight with a combination of various dietary measures. The following possibilities are available: 1. The fat-reduced, carbohydrate-enhanced diet. 2. Formula diets, which are applied when a mixed diet has failed, or, alternatively, as an "introduction" to a weight-reducing program. In addition, suitable exercise programs and behavior-modifying measures aimed at stabilizing weight losses over the long-term, are also recommended. If this basic program fails, adjunctive drug treatment is indicated. Surgical treatment may be considered when various conservative forms of treatment have proved unsuccessful over a period of years.
Role of dietitian in obese patients care. [2020]Setting the right eating habits is one of the basic pillars of non-pharmacological treatment of obese patient. Nutritional interventions led by dietitians are a key part of obesity management. The principle of modern nutritional therapy is not the transmission of general information about nutrition, but individualized recommendations. The task of a dietitian is to provide information that is specific, requested, at the right time and in the right form, information that is understandable to the patient and can be included in his/her life. Dietitian creates a therapeutic relationship with the patient based on trust and accompanies them on his path to mastering the principle of a diet for weight loss. There is thus a shift from a rigid approach to dietary treatment of obese patients, where instead of prescribing a diet aiming at weight loss, the patient is given space for their own active involvement. Emphasis is placed on the long-term sustainability of the newly set regime. Therefore, not only the present comorbidities of obesity, but also other factors such as the patient's daily routine, level of physical activity and individual habits are considered in a well-performed nutritional intervention.
The Effectiveness of Nutritional Strategies in the Treatment and Management of Obesity: A Systematic Review. [2023]Obesity, a condition primarily resulting from positive energy balance, has become a significant global health concern. Numerous studies have demonstrated that obesity is a major risk factor for various illnesses, including different types of cancer, coronary heart disease, sleep apnea, CV stroke, type II diabetes mellitus, etc. To effectively address this issue, prevention and treatment approaches to manage body weight are crucial. There are several evidence-based approaches available for the treatment and management of obesity, taking into account factors such as body mass index classification, individual weight history, and existing comorbidities. To facilitate successful obesity treatment and management, there are pragmatic approaches and tools available, including the reduction of energy density, portion control, and diet quality enhancement. These approaches encompass the use of medications, lifestyle interventions, bariatric surgery, and formula diets. Regardless of the specific method employed, behavior change, reduction of energy intake, and increased energy expenditure are integral components for successful treatment and management of obesity. These measures allow patients to personalize and customize their dietary patterns, leading to effective and sustainable weight reduction. Incorporating physical activities and self-monitoring of individual diets are effective techniques for promoting behavior change in obesity and weight management. The main objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary/nutritional interventions in the treatment and management of obesity through provision of valuable insights into the effectiveness of such nutritional strategies. To attain this, a comprehensive analysis of various dietary approaches and their impacts on weight will be conducted.
[Changes in vitamins intake in overweight and obese adults after low-energy diets]. [2014]Dietary modification is indispensable part of obesity treatment.
Changes in nutrient intake during a behavioral weight control program. [2008]Behavioral modification holds promise of being an effective mode of therapy for obesity. It focuses on changing clients' eating habits and does not always include specific dietary guidance. This study was conducted to learn whether such behavior modification training results in the adoption of nutritionally sound dietary patterns. Originally, the diets of fifteen individuals met two-thirds of all Recommended Dietary Allowances. After a twenty-week program, the only nutrients below this level were iron, thiamin, and calcium. Other changes involved an increase in nutrient density for protein, fiber, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, ascorbic acid, and cholesterol. Nutrient density for carbohydrates, fat, and calcium decreased.
Advances in diabetes for the millennium: nutritional therapy of type 2 diabetes. [2018]Dietary modification is useful in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Glucose levels after a meal are largely determined by carbohydrate intake. Decreased intake of simple carbohydrates and increased fiber consumption lower postprandial glucose. Obesity has become epidemic in the United States and has dramatically increased the incidence of type 2 diabetes by augmenting insulin resistance. Dietary treatment of obesity has been frustrating. Success will require education in using foods with high fiber contents, low glycemic indexes, and low saturated fat levels. The use of natural foods must be supplemented by the use of semisynthetic foods with desirable properties. The educational efforts required are substantial and must be recognized by third-party reimbursement agencies. Operative procedures to decrease intake or reduce the absorption of food are being used with increasing frequency. Bariatric surgery is often successful in inducing a substantial loss of weight; however, this success must be balanced against the complications of surgery, which can be considerable. The pharmacologic approaches to treatment of obesity have focused primarily on anorexigenic agents. Several polypeptides that induce satiety are currently under study, including leptin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Orlistat has been used to induce the malabsorption of fat to reduce caloric ingestion. Of the currently used oral hypoglycemics, metformin and the disaccharidase inhibitors have the best tendency to promote weight loss. There is active research on the uncoupling proteins that induce thermogenesis and promote the dissipation of calories. The beta-3 agonists act through the uncoupling proteins. The thiazolidinediones tend to promote weight gain through the PPAR gene locus. Agents that antagonize this effect could induce weight loss. The future will undoubtedly bring us drugs that are effective in causing weight loss. The advent of drugs to successfully combat obesity will substantially improve public health.
Dietary quality differences between women with and without weight loss in nutritional treatment. [2020]The obesity nutritional treatment is structured to weight loss and diet is considered an important indicator of treatment effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to compare the diet quality among women who lost weight to women who maintained or gained weight during the nutritional treatment.